RHS Exam Prep
Zygoma - Question and answerscheekbone; raidopaque
coronoid process - Question and answersBone projecting from anterior of mandible;
raidopaque
Zygomatic process of maxilla - Question and answersA bony prominence that makes up
a portion of the cheekbone; J or U shaped; radiopaque
maxillary tuberosity - Question and answersA rounded prominence of bone on the
alveolar ridge; blood vessels and nerves for the maxilla enter through this; radiopaque
External oblique ridge/line - Question and answersLinear prominence of bone on the
external aspect of the mandible; radiopaque
Mental foramen - Question and answersTwo openings in the bone on the external
mandible through; blood vessels and nerves enter and supply to lower lip; small, round,
radiolucent
alveolar process - Question and answersupper aspect of the body of the mandible;
radiopaque
alveolar ridge - Question and answersbony ridge that contains the alveoli (tooth
sockets); radiopaque
Mental process or ridge - Question and answersLinear prominence of bone on the
external surface of the anterior mandible that extends from the premolar region;
radiopaque
Nasal septum (vomer bone) - Question and answersBone structure that divides the
left/right of the nasal cavity; radiopaque
Nasal fossa (cavity) - Question and answersTwo large depressions of bone located
above maxilla and divided by the nasal septum; radiolucent
anterior nasal spine - Question and answersa triangular projection from the floor of the
nasal fossa, located at junction of fossa and septum; radiopaque
Lateral fossa/canine fossa - Question and answersslightly concave area in bone located
below and between the maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary canine; radiolucent
,Mental fossa - Question and answersDepressed area of bone on the external surface of
the mandible; radiolucent
Hamulus/Humular process - Question and answersSmall, hook shaped portion of bone
extending from sphenoid bone down and located behind maxillary tuberosity region;
radiopaque
Median palatal suture - Question and answersLine of fusion between the palatine
processes of the right and left maxilla; radiolucent; between roots of maxillary incisors
Incisive foramen - Question and answersPear shaped opening in bone located at
midline of anterior hard palate behind central incisors; nasopalatine nerve and vessels
exit the maxilla from the foramen; radiolucent
Mylohyoid ridge - Question and answersLinear prominence of bone on the internal
aspect of the mandible; mylohyoid muscle attaches to ridge which extends from lower
border of mandibular symphysis; raidopaque
Submandibular fossa - Question and answersDepression in the bone on the lingual side
of the mandible in which the submandibular salivary glands are located; large
radiolucent area below roots of mandibular molars
Lingual foramen - Question and answersSmall opening located in the midline of internal
aspect of mandible through which a branch of the incisive artery travels; radiolucent dot
Genial tubercles - Question and answersSmall donut shaped ring of tiny spines of bone
that surround the lingual foramen and are located near the midline on the internal
aspect of the mandible; radiopaque
Enamel - Question and answerscalcified layer that covers crown of tooth; radiopaque
Dentin - Question and answersMineralized tissue; makes up main body of tooth;
extends entire body of the tooth to protect pulp; radiopaque
dentinoenamel junction - Question and answersLine of demarcation where enamel and
dentin meet; radiopaque
Cementoenamel junction - Question and answersArea where the cementum of root
meets enamel of crown of tooth; not usually distinguishable
Alveolar crest - Question and answersMost coronal portion of the alveolar bone; where
the two cortical bones join between each tooth; linear radiopaque outline of the alveolar
ridge can be seen on radiographs
Pulp - Question and answersInterior of tooth which contains nerves, blood vessels, and
lymphatic tissue; radiolucent
, Periodontal ligament - Question and answersConnective tissue that supports and
suspends the teeth in their position within the dental arch; the fibers attach to the lamina
dura, lining bone of the alveolus and the cementum of the root; radiolucent
Alveolar bone - Question and answersBone that surrounds and supports the tooth in its
position in the jaw; radiopaque
Cementum - Question and answersCalcified tissue covering the root of the tooth;
periodontal ligament attaches to the cementum to anchor tooth within the socket; not
distinguishable on radiographs
Lamina dura - Question and answersBony wall of the tooth socket that surrounds the
root; radiopaque
Apical foramen - Question and answersOpening in the apex of the tooth that provides
for access of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics; not distinguishable on radiographs
Apex (apices) - Question and answersGeneral term for tip of the root of the tooth;
usually seen as a continuation of radiopaque outline of the root
X-ray - Question and answersA form of electromagnetic radiation used to produce
dental images
Ionizing radiation - Question and answersProcess by which electrons are removed from
an atom, resulting in an ion pair; a negatively charged free electron and the remaining
part of the atom, now positively charged; waves contain energy sufficient to overcome
the binding energy of electrons in atoms or molecules, creating ions; includes x-rays
and gamma rays; can cause cell death in high doses over a short period of time and
errors in the reproductive process (mutations) in lower doses over long periods of time
Electrons - Question and answersParticles with a negative electrical charge that orbit
the nucleus of the atom
Protons - Question and answersParticles with a positive electrical charge
Neutrons - Question and answersParticles with no electrical charge that stabilize the
atom
Nucleus - Question and answersThe center of the atom, which is composed of protons
and neutrons
Electron orbit/shell - Question and answersPath on which electrons travel around the
nucleus
Zygoma - Question and answerscheekbone; raidopaque
coronoid process - Question and answersBone projecting from anterior of mandible;
raidopaque
Zygomatic process of maxilla - Question and answersA bony prominence that makes up
a portion of the cheekbone; J or U shaped; radiopaque
maxillary tuberosity - Question and answersA rounded prominence of bone on the
alveolar ridge; blood vessels and nerves for the maxilla enter through this; radiopaque
External oblique ridge/line - Question and answersLinear prominence of bone on the
external aspect of the mandible; radiopaque
Mental foramen - Question and answersTwo openings in the bone on the external
mandible through; blood vessels and nerves enter and supply to lower lip; small, round,
radiolucent
alveolar process - Question and answersupper aspect of the body of the mandible;
radiopaque
alveolar ridge - Question and answersbony ridge that contains the alveoli (tooth
sockets); radiopaque
Mental process or ridge - Question and answersLinear prominence of bone on the
external surface of the anterior mandible that extends from the premolar region;
radiopaque
Nasal septum (vomer bone) - Question and answersBone structure that divides the
left/right of the nasal cavity; radiopaque
Nasal fossa (cavity) - Question and answersTwo large depressions of bone located
above maxilla and divided by the nasal septum; radiolucent
anterior nasal spine - Question and answersa triangular projection from the floor of the
nasal fossa, located at junction of fossa and septum; radiopaque
Lateral fossa/canine fossa - Question and answersslightly concave area in bone located
below and between the maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary canine; radiolucent
,Mental fossa - Question and answersDepressed area of bone on the external surface of
the mandible; radiolucent
Hamulus/Humular process - Question and answersSmall, hook shaped portion of bone
extending from sphenoid bone down and located behind maxillary tuberosity region;
radiopaque
Median palatal suture - Question and answersLine of fusion between the palatine
processes of the right and left maxilla; radiolucent; between roots of maxillary incisors
Incisive foramen - Question and answersPear shaped opening in bone located at
midline of anterior hard palate behind central incisors; nasopalatine nerve and vessels
exit the maxilla from the foramen; radiolucent
Mylohyoid ridge - Question and answersLinear prominence of bone on the internal
aspect of the mandible; mylohyoid muscle attaches to ridge which extends from lower
border of mandibular symphysis; raidopaque
Submandibular fossa - Question and answersDepression in the bone on the lingual side
of the mandible in which the submandibular salivary glands are located; large
radiolucent area below roots of mandibular molars
Lingual foramen - Question and answersSmall opening located in the midline of internal
aspect of mandible through which a branch of the incisive artery travels; radiolucent dot
Genial tubercles - Question and answersSmall donut shaped ring of tiny spines of bone
that surround the lingual foramen and are located near the midline on the internal
aspect of the mandible; radiopaque
Enamel - Question and answerscalcified layer that covers crown of tooth; radiopaque
Dentin - Question and answersMineralized tissue; makes up main body of tooth;
extends entire body of the tooth to protect pulp; radiopaque
dentinoenamel junction - Question and answersLine of demarcation where enamel and
dentin meet; radiopaque
Cementoenamel junction - Question and answersArea where the cementum of root
meets enamel of crown of tooth; not usually distinguishable
Alveolar crest - Question and answersMost coronal portion of the alveolar bone; where
the two cortical bones join between each tooth; linear radiopaque outline of the alveolar
ridge can be seen on radiographs
Pulp - Question and answersInterior of tooth which contains nerves, blood vessels, and
lymphatic tissue; radiolucent
, Periodontal ligament - Question and answersConnective tissue that supports and
suspends the teeth in their position within the dental arch; the fibers attach to the lamina
dura, lining bone of the alveolus and the cementum of the root; radiolucent
Alveolar bone - Question and answersBone that surrounds and supports the tooth in its
position in the jaw; radiopaque
Cementum - Question and answersCalcified tissue covering the root of the tooth;
periodontal ligament attaches to the cementum to anchor tooth within the socket; not
distinguishable on radiographs
Lamina dura - Question and answersBony wall of the tooth socket that surrounds the
root; radiopaque
Apical foramen - Question and answersOpening in the apex of the tooth that provides
for access of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics; not distinguishable on radiographs
Apex (apices) - Question and answersGeneral term for tip of the root of the tooth;
usually seen as a continuation of radiopaque outline of the root
X-ray - Question and answersA form of electromagnetic radiation used to produce
dental images
Ionizing radiation - Question and answersProcess by which electrons are removed from
an atom, resulting in an ion pair; a negatively charged free electron and the remaining
part of the atom, now positively charged; waves contain energy sufficient to overcome
the binding energy of electrons in atoms or molecules, creating ions; includes x-rays
and gamma rays; can cause cell death in high doses over a short period of time and
errors in the reproductive process (mutations) in lower doses over long periods of time
Electrons - Question and answersParticles with a negative electrical charge that orbit
the nucleus of the atom
Protons - Question and answersParticles with a positive electrical charge
Neutrons - Question and answersParticles with no electrical charge that stabilize the
atom
Nucleus - Question and answersThe center of the atom, which is composed of protons
and neutrons
Electron orbit/shell - Question and answersPath on which electrons travel around the
nucleus
