Freshman Physics Final Exam Actual Questions And Correct Detailed Answers Graded A+.

friction - correct answer The force that acts to resist the relative motion of objects or materials that are in contact. inertia - correct answer The property of any body to resist changes in its state of motion. Mass is the measure of inertia. Newton's first law - correct answer See of law of inertia. law of inertia - correct answer Every body continue is its state of rest,or of motion in a strait line at constant speed, unless acted upon by a nonzero force. Also known as Newton`s first law. kilograms - correct answer The fundamental SI unit of mass. One kilogram is the amount of mass is one liter of water at 4 degrees C.See Appendix A. mass - correct answer A measure of an object`s inertia ;also a measure of the amount of matter in an object.Depends only on the amount of and kind of particles that compose an object not on it`s location. weight - correct answer The force on a body due to the gravitational attraction of another body. newton - correct answer SI unit of force. One newton is the force applied to one-kilogram mass that will produce an acceleration of one meter per second per second. inversely - correct answer When two values change directions, so that if one increases the other decrease. Newton's second law - correct answer The acceleration produced by a net on a body is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force,and is inversely proportional to the mass of the body. Free body diagram - correct answer a diagram showing all the forces acting on an objet Newton's third law - correct answer whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first momentum - correct answer the product of the mass and the velocity of an object. has magnitude and direction. also called linear momentum impulse - correct answer product of force and time interval during which force acts. Impulse equals momentum change work - correct answer the product of the force on an object and the distance through which the object is moved; measured in joules joule - correct answer the SI unit of work and of all other forms of energy. One joule of work is done when a force of one newton is exerted on an object moved one meter in the direction of the force power - correct answer Rate at which work is done or energy is transformed, equal to the work done or energy transformed divided by time; measured in watts watt - correct answer the SI unit of power. One watt is expended when one joule of work is done in one second energy - correct answer the property of an object or a system that enables it to do work; measured in joules. mechanical energy - correct answer The energy due to the position or the movement of something; potential or kinetic energy. potential energy - correct answer energy of position, usually related to the relative position of two things, such as a stone and earth, or an electron and a nucleus kinetic energy - correct answer energy of motion, equal to half the mass multiplied the speed squar crest - correct answer one of the places in a wave where the wave is highest or the disturbing is great trough - correct answer one of the places in a wave where the wave is lowest, or the disturbance is greatest,in the opposite direction from a crest amplitude - correct answer the distances from the midpoint to the maximum of a wave or, equivalently, from the midpoint to to the minimum wavelength - correct answer The distance from the top of the crest of a wave to the top of the following crest, or equivalently, the distance between successive identical parts of the wave. frequency - correct answer The number of events (cycles, vibrations, oscillations, or any repeated event) per time, measured in hertz (or events per time) hertz - correct answer The SI unit of frequency. transverse wave - correct answer A wave with vibration at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling. longitudinal wave - correct answer A wave in which the vibration is in the same direction as that in which the wave is traveling, rather than at right angles. interference pattern - correct answer A pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time constructive interference - correct answer Addition of two or more waves when wave crests overlap to produce a resulting wave of increased amplitude. destructive interference - correct answer Combination of waves where crests of one wave overlap troughs of another, resulting in a wave of decreased amplitude. out of phase - correct answer Term applied to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at a point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. Their effects cancel each other. in phase - correct answer Term applied to two or more waves whose crests (and troughs) arrive at a place at the same time, so that their effects reinforce each other. standing wave - correct answer Wave in which parts of the wave remain stationary and the wave appears not to be traveling. The result of interference between an incident (original) wave and a reflected wave. node - correct answer Any part of a standing wave that remains stationary antinodes - correct answer The positions on a standing wave where the largest amplitudes occur. Doppler effect - correct answer The apparent change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or of the receiver blue shift - correct answer An increase in the measured frequency of light from an approaching source; called the blue shift because the apparent increase is toward the high-frequency, or blue, end of the color spectrum. Also occurs when an observer approaches a source. red shift - correct answer A decrease in the measured frequency of light (or other radiation) from a receding source; called the red shift because the decrease is toward the low-frequency, or red, end of the color spectrum. pitch - correct answer Term that refers to how high or low sound frequencies appear to be infrasonic - correct answer Term applied to sound pitch too low to be heard by the human ear, that is, below 20 hertz.