HDFS 1351 Lifespan Development - Exam
1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
science of development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the science that seeks to understand
how and why people of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time
nature - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- traits, capacities, limitations each individual inherits
genetically from his/her parents at conception
-biologically based
nurture - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- all of the environmental influences that affect an
individual after conception
-this includes everything from the mothers nutrition while pregnant to the cultural influences
of the nation
lifespan perspective - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- an approach to the study of human
development that takes into account all phases of life, not just adulthood or childhood
multidirectional development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Developmental change may be
explained as
-Continuous (ex: growing until you reach adult height)
-Stage like (discontinuous - adult business talk vs teen gossip)
-In relation to timing
-critical period
-sensitive period
Critical period - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a critical time when a particular type of
developmental growth (in the body or behavior) must happen for normal development to
occur, or when harm (such as toxic substance or destructive event) can occur
Sensitive Period - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a time when a certain type of development is
most likely, although it may still happen later with more difficultly
,-ex: language is important to develop over the first few years of life and if it doesn't happen
in a certain time they may have deficits
Multicontextual Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Historical context (history-graded
influences)
-cohort effect (when you were born)
-ex: children born today in the technology world have a very different childhood than
someone born in the 1950's
Socioeconomic context
-socioeconomic status (SES)
Socioeconomic status (SES) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A persons position in society as
determined by income, occupation, education, and place of residence
-how much money ones family makes directly impacts their development (ex: which
neighborhood you live in effects which school you attend)
Multicultural Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -culture
-Social construction
culture - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a system of shared beliefs, norms, behaviors, and
expectations that persist over time and prescribe social behavior and assumptions
-sociocultural-graded influences
-patterns of behavior passed from one generation to the next (family experiences effect
development)
Social Construction - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- An idea that is built on shared perceptions,
not an objective reality
-many age related items (such as childhood, adolescence, yuppie & senior citizen) are social
constructions, connected to biological traits but strongly influenced by social assumptions
-idea based on shared perceptions of how culture supports developmental outcomes
Cultural Context - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Barbara Rogoff studied culture in Guatamala
and America and the affect it had on kids
, -you are not aware of your own culture until you see someone else's
Multidisciplinary Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Physchology, sociology,
biology
-newer fields: Neuroscience (draws from other disciplines within itself), epigenetics (studies
shift in gene expression)
Infancy (Infants and Toddlers) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 0 to 2 years
Early Childhood (preschool years) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 2 to 6 years
Middle Childhood (School Aged Children) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 6 to 11 years
Adolescence (Teenage Years) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 11 to 18 years
Young Adult (Emerging Adult) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 18 to 25 years
Middle Adulthood (Adulthood) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 25 to 65 years
Late Adulthood (elderly) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 65+ years
Normative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Expected - Influences that are similar for individuals
in a particular age group
Non-Normative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- events that occur in life at an unexpected time;
typically have a major impact; do not happen to all people
Personality and Social Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Emphasizes enduring
characteristics that differentiate a person and interactions with others
1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
science of development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the science that seeks to understand
how and why people of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time
nature - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- traits, capacities, limitations each individual inherits
genetically from his/her parents at conception
-biologically based
nurture - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- all of the environmental influences that affect an
individual after conception
-this includes everything from the mothers nutrition while pregnant to the cultural influences
of the nation
lifespan perspective - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- an approach to the study of human
development that takes into account all phases of life, not just adulthood or childhood
multidirectional development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Developmental change may be
explained as
-Continuous (ex: growing until you reach adult height)
-Stage like (discontinuous - adult business talk vs teen gossip)
-In relation to timing
-critical period
-sensitive period
Critical period - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a critical time when a particular type of
developmental growth (in the body or behavior) must happen for normal development to
occur, or when harm (such as toxic substance or destructive event) can occur
Sensitive Period - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a time when a certain type of development is
most likely, although it may still happen later with more difficultly
,-ex: language is important to develop over the first few years of life and if it doesn't happen
in a certain time they may have deficits
Multicontextual Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Historical context (history-graded
influences)
-cohort effect (when you were born)
-ex: children born today in the technology world have a very different childhood than
someone born in the 1950's
Socioeconomic context
-socioeconomic status (SES)
Socioeconomic status (SES) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A persons position in society as
determined by income, occupation, education, and place of residence
-how much money ones family makes directly impacts their development (ex: which
neighborhood you live in effects which school you attend)
Multicultural Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -culture
-Social construction
culture - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a system of shared beliefs, norms, behaviors, and
expectations that persist over time and prescribe social behavior and assumptions
-sociocultural-graded influences
-patterns of behavior passed from one generation to the next (family experiences effect
development)
Social Construction - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- An idea that is built on shared perceptions,
not an objective reality
-many age related items (such as childhood, adolescence, yuppie & senior citizen) are social
constructions, connected to biological traits but strongly influenced by social assumptions
-idea based on shared perceptions of how culture supports developmental outcomes
Cultural Context - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Barbara Rogoff studied culture in Guatamala
and America and the affect it had on kids
, -you are not aware of your own culture until you see someone else's
Multidisciplinary Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Physchology, sociology,
biology
-newer fields: Neuroscience (draws from other disciplines within itself), epigenetics (studies
shift in gene expression)
Infancy (Infants and Toddlers) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 0 to 2 years
Early Childhood (preschool years) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 2 to 6 years
Middle Childhood (School Aged Children) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 6 to 11 years
Adolescence (Teenage Years) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 11 to 18 years
Young Adult (Emerging Adult) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 18 to 25 years
Middle Adulthood (Adulthood) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 25 to 65 years
Late Adulthood (elderly) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 65+ years
Normative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Expected - Influences that are similar for individuals
in a particular age group
Non-Normative - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- events that occur in life at an unexpected time;
typically have a major impact; do not happen to all people
Personality and Social Development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Emphasizes enduring
characteristics that differentiate a person and interactions with others
