JMU BIO 150 Lab Final
Page 1 of 59
, Define biodiversity
the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole)
Define genetic diversity
the total genetic information contained within all individuals of a species, population, or
community
Why is genetic diversity important?
provides the raw materials for adaptive change
Define adaptive change
change in response to the environment's "natural selection:
Define species diversity
the diversity of species present in a community
Why is species diversity important?
species have a particular "role" in a system, so the addition or loss of a species may have
consequences for the entire system
How is species diversity measures?
-species richness
-species abundance
Define species richness
number of species in a community
Page 2 of 59
,Define species abundance
The number of individuals of each species
Define ecosystem diversity
measure of the variety of biotic components in a region along with abiotic components
Why is ecosystem diversity important?
ecosystem functioning is dependent on interacting member organisms with their environment
Define system stability
diverse systems are resilient after and resistant to disturbances
Define ecosystem productivity
diverse systems have higher net primary productivity
Define ecosystem services
direct and indirect benefits that humans derive from organisms and ecosystems
Define existence value
economic value of a system and our willingness to mitigate biodiversity loss
What are provisioning services?
raw materials (food, fuel, fiber, medicine, genetic resources)
What are regulating services?
life support system (climate moderation, soil formation, erosion control, water capture, flood
control etc.)
Define ecosystem services
Page 3 of 59
, all direct and indirect benefits that humans derive from organisms and ecosystems
What are cultural services?
cultural/intrinsic (aesthetics, recreation, education, spiritual value, and physical/mental health)
What are supporting services?
primary productivity, nutrient cycling, pollination, and biological control
What are the primary threats to biodiversity?
-habitat loss
-climate change
-invasive species
-overexploration
-pollution
What are characteristics of viruses?
-very,very small
-not a cell
-can not reproduce independently
-does not contain ribosomes or generate ATP
What are characteristics of bacteria?
-small but bigger than virus
-single cell
-reproduce independently
-contains chromosomes and generate ATP
What do beta-lactums do?
Page 4 of 59
Page 1 of 59
, Define biodiversity
the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole)
Define genetic diversity
the total genetic information contained within all individuals of a species, population, or
community
Why is genetic diversity important?
provides the raw materials for adaptive change
Define adaptive change
change in response to the environment's "natural selection:
Define species diversity
the diversity of species present in a community
Why is species diversity important?
species have a particular "role" in a system, so the addition or loss of a species may have
consequences for the entire system
How is species diversity measures?
-species richness
-species abundance
Define species richness
number of species in a community
Page 2 of 59
,Define species abundance
The number of individuals of each species
Define ecosystem diversity
measure of the variety of biotic components in a region along with abiotic components
Why is ecosystem diversity important?
ecosystem functioning is dependent on interacting member organisms with their environment
Define system stability
diverse systems are resilient after and resistant to disturbances
Define ecosystem productivity
diverse systems have higher net primary productivity
Define ecosystem services
direct and indirect benefits that humans derive from organisms and ecosystems
Define existence value
economic value of a system and our willingness to mitigate biodiversity loss
What are provisioning services?
raw materials (food, fuel, fiber, medicine, genetic resources)
What are regulating services?
life support system (climate moderation, soil formation, erosion control, water capture, flood
control etc.)
Define ecosystem services
Page 3 of 59
, all direct and indirect benefits that humans derive from organisms and ecosystems
What are cultural services?
cultural/intrinsic (aesthetics, recreation, education, spiritual value, and physical/mental health)
What are supporting services?
primary productivity, nutrient cycling, pollination, and biological control
What are the primary threats to biodiversity?
-habitat loss
-climate change
-invasive species
-overexploration
-pollution
What are characteristics of viruses?
-very,very small
-not a cell
-can not reproduce independently
-does not contain ribosomes or generate ATP
What are characteristics of bacteria?
-small but bigger than virus
-single cell
-reproduce independently
-contains chromosomes and generate ATP
What do beta-lactums do?
Page 4 of 59
