psych 217 midterm 1 questions and
answers graded A+
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): intuition - correct answer ✔✔- intuition can help spark new ideas for
research questions
- pron to illusory correlation
- pros: quick and accessible knowledge in your mind
- cons: subject to prejudices and misconceptions
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): common sense/folk wisdom - correct answer ✔✔- what we expect
everyone else to know (common sense)
pro: brings about great research ideas
con: ppl only remember when they are true, causes confirmation bias and it is contradictory
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): authority - correct answer ✔✔- knowledge based on information
from someone we view as "credible"
- pro: experts can be authors, and it minimizes us to learn our own knowledge
- con: not all authorities are experts (ex. Dr. Oz)
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): personal experience/ testimonial - correct answer ✔✔- something
you have experienced and go off of
- pro: seen as a collection of all possible experiences, qualitative research
- cons: very sticky, not fully representative of others experiences and can't account for others
experiences
Quantitative Research - correct answer ✔✔research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical
form
Qualitative Research - correct answer ✔✔research that relies on what is seen in field or naturalistic
settings more than on statistical data
, ways of knowing (non-data-driven): logic - correct answer ✔✔- knowledge derived from rules of logical
thinking
-pros: easy to analyze and critique + less to consistent reasoning and decisions
-cons: requires the right information and may have nothing at all to do with the real world
Goals of Psychological Science - correct answer ✔✔describe, predict, explain, understand and determine
behaviour (basic research) + apply knowledge to solve problems (applied research)
Affordances - correct answer ✔✔how you cognitively process objects based on how you can act on them
(ex. laurel and yanny)
Theory - correct answer ✔✔- overarching framework that organizes and explained phenomena and data
- generates hypotheses that tests boundaries of this term .....
hypthesis - correct answer ✔✔A tentative statement about a relationship that may or may not be true
- ex.what you think will be the outcome of your study?
- this is a....
prediction - correct answer ✔✔A specific statement regarding the expected outcome of a study
deduction - correct answer ✔✔the process of moving from a general rule to a specific example
Induction - correct answer ✔✔the process that moves from a given series of specifics to a generalization
Falsifiability - correct answer ✔✔- The ability for one to show a theory (or hypothesis) to be wrong
- Does not mean the theory is wrong, only that it has the capacity to be wrong
- considered a matter of degree (think of coin flipping)
good hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔- Make predictions that expose themselves to falsification
answers graded A+
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): intuition - correct answer ✔✔- intuition can help spark new ideas for
research questions
- pron to illusory correlation
- pros: quick and accessible knowledge in your mind
- cons: subject to prejudices and misconceptions
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): common sense/folk wisdom - correct answer ✔✔- what we expect
everyone else to know (common sense)
pro: brings about great research ideas
con: ppl only remember when they are true, causes confirmation bias and it is contradictory
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): authority - correct answer ✔✔- knowledge based on information
from someone we view as "credible"
- pro: experts can be authors, and it minimizes us to learn our own knowledge
- con: not all authorities are experts (ex. Dr. Oz)
ways of knowing (non-data-driven): personal experience/ testimonial - correct answer ✔✔- something
you have experienced and go off of
- pro: seen as a collection of all possible experiences, qualitative research
- cons: very sticky, not fully representative of others experiences and can't account for others
experiences
Quantitative Research - correct answer ✔✔research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical
form
Qualitative Research - correct answer ✔✔research that relies on what is seen in field or naturalistic
settings more than on statistical data
, ways of knowing (non-data-driven): logic - correct answer ✔✔- knowledge derived from rules of logical
thinking
-pros: easy to analyze and critique + less to consistent reasoning and decisions
-cons: requires the right information and may have nothing at all to do with the real world
Goals of Psychological Science - correct answer ✔✔describe, predict, explain, understand and determine
behaviour (basic research) + apply knowledge to solve problems (applied research)
Affordances - correct answer ✔✔how you cognitively process objects based on how you can act on them
(ex. laurel and yanny)
Theory - correct answer ✔✔- overarching framework that organizes and explained phenomena and data
- generates hypotheses that tests boundaries of this term .....
hypthesis - correct answer ✔✔A tentative statement about a relationship that may or may not be true
- ex.what you think will be the outcome of your study?
- this is a....
prediction - correct answer ✔✔A specific statement regarding the expected outcome of a study
deduction - correct answer ✔✔the process of moving from a general rule to a specific example
Induction - correct answer ✔✔the process that moves from a given series of specifics to a generalization
Falsifiability - correct answer ✔✔- The ability for one to show a theory (or hypothesis) to be wrong
- Does not mean the theory is wrong, only that it has the capacity to be wrong
- considered a matter of degree (think of coin flipping)
good hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔- Make predictions that expose themselves to falsification
