OPOTA 2020 (NEW) – 539 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.

ORC section that covers definitions related to MV offenses .01 ORC chapter that covers moving violations 4511 Brainpower Read More ORC chapter that covers equipment violations 4513 ORC chapter that covers drivers license suspensions 4510 ORC chapter that covers MV crimes 4549 Four dimensions of a whole person that collectively contribute to a person's effectiveness Physical - healthy body: strength and endurance Mental- healthy mind: feeding, challenging, growing mind Emotional- healthy heart: positive emotions, managing energy Spiritual- healthy spirit: purposeful, serving a cause, faithful to self. Identify the characteristics of a crisis state 1) An episode of mental and/ or emotional upheaval or distress that creates instability or danger, and causes behavior that is considered disruptive by the community, by friends or family members of the person and/ or by the person. 2) The elements of disruption and danger are why, in these situations, may people call law enforcement rather than emergency medical services/ mental health agencies. 3) Often there is a perception event that triggers the crisis: a) an emotional/ medical event b) persons perception to the event may be accurate, erroneous, or somewhere in between c) regardless of the accuracy of their perception, the persons normal methods of coping and solving problems fail, resulting in a breakdown of control, inability to respond appropriately, a feeling of being "overwhelmed" List the causes of compromised coping capacity 1) Brain chemistry 2) Deterioration of the brain 3) Developmental disabilities 4) Damage to the brain through blunt force, severe stress, and trauma 5) Unbearable stress that causes suicidal thinking/ actions 6) Substance abuse Describe the differences between traditional encounters and special population encounters 1) Difference is the increased need to be non-confrontational. 2) Special population encounters frequently benefit from a change in response to one in which de-escalation is the foundation. LEAPS: 5 basic tools that assist in generating compliance 1) Listen: actively listen and look interested 2) Empathize: try to understand where they're coming from 3) Ask: general open-ended questions and opinion- seeking questions to gain understanding 4) Paraphrase: in your own words, repeat the persons message 5) Summarize: condense all that has been said and indicate the outcome, keeping it brief, concise, and inarguable EAR model's 3 phases of crisis encounter 1) Engage 2) Assess 3) Resolve Identify the tactics and behaviors to avoid while engaging in de-escalation 1) Moving suddenly, giving rapid orders, or shouting. 2) Forcing a discussion. 3) Maintaining direct and continuous eye contact 4) Touching the person without letting the person know you intend to do so, unless essential to safety. 5) Crowding the person or moving into his/her comfort zone. 6) Expressing anger, impatience, or annoyance. 7) Assuming that a person who doesn't respond is ignoring you. 8) Using sarcasm or inflammatory language. 9) Lying or misleading the person to calm him/her down, unless extreme circumstances exist. Loss Model : Recognize the nature of a person's crisis 1) Loss of reality 2) Loss of hope 3) Loss of control 4) Loss of perspective Identify all elements of the offense of Domestic Violence per R.C. 2919.25 1) Knowingly cause or attempt to cause physical harm to a family/ household member. 2) Recklessly cause serious physical harm to a family/ household member. 3) By threat or force knowingly cause a family/household member to believe that the offender will cause imminent physical harm to the family/ household member. Temporary Protection Order (TPO) Order from the court that is available after a family/household member is charged with a violent/sexually oriented offense. *Effective for the length of the case* Criminal Protection Order (CRPO) Issued by the court after a non-family/non-household member is charged with a violent, menacing, or sexually oriented criminal offense. *Like a TPO for non-family or non-household members* Operator certification levels for LEADS Fully Qualified Operator (FQO) : someone who can operate a LEADS access device and who has the authority to enter, change, clear, modify, query, locate, detain, and submit "hit" confirmations. When info obtained from LEADS may be shared For criminal justice purposes only. Severity of crime for misuse of LEADS Felony of the 5th degree How OHLEG is to be utilized For criminal justice/ law enforcement use only. Severity of crime for misuse of OHLEG Felony of the 5th degree When locating agencies must obtain "hit" confirmation 1) Arresting the wanted person 2) Detaining the missing person 3) Seizing the stolen property 4) Charging the subject with violation a protection order Types of primary and secondary injuries that a victim may suffer Primary: a) physical injuries, including death/disfigurement b) financial loss leading to economic hardship c) emotional trauma and reactions Secondary: a) injustice- believing system has "let them down" or doesn't really care, believing the LEO doesn't believe in them b) indignities- having to repeat details, possibly several times and in public c) isolation- lack of follow-up; failing to keep the victim informed of the case investigation and prosecution process. Four Core needs most victims have after a crime has been committed 1) Safety- need to feel safe 2) Healing- need to feel support and process trauma 3) Justice- the need to know " what comes next" and to relive fair treatment 4) Restitution- the need to pay for financial loss/ bills Reasons a victim may delay/ fail to report a rape/sexual assault 1) Victim is still suffering from the trauma of the event. 2) Victim knew the perp or had some acquaintance- type relationship. 3) Victim is intimidated by the perps position, power, or social status. 4) Victim may self-blame and think he/she was responsible for creating risk. 5) Drugs/ alcohol may have been impairing the victims judgement and memory. 6) Victim may feel responsible for not doing more to prevent it. 7) Encounters with the CJ system. 8) May have been previously victimized and they don't feel supported/believe when reporting previous incident. Fears that having been a victimized multiple times lowers the likelihood of being believed and receiving support. Define the term strip search The inspection of a naked individual without scrutinizing the subject's body cavities Four Causes of Illegible Fingerprints 1. Failure to produce the focal points 2. Allowing the fingers to slip or twist 3. Failure to clean the fingers and equipment of foreign substances and perspiration 4. Insufficient ink Define Cover Any object that will provide ballistic protection and not limit the ability to observe the situation/return fire Define concealment Any object or condition that disguises, obscures, or hides one's exact location does not provide ballistic protection. Unknown Risk (Building Searches) Officer is unsure if the area/ structure is occupied. Officer thinks the suspect is in the building or not, the search should always be conducted as if a suspect is in the structure. High Risk (Building Searches) Involves prior knowledge or circumstances indicating a likelihood or serious physical harm , risk of offender escaping, may require officer to respond immediately to avoid injury/ death to an innocent civilian. Basic requirements for body cavity searches - Must obtain a search warrant unless there is a medical emergency justifying a search - Must be conducted under sanitary conditions in a location that permits only the person being searched and the person conducting the search to observe. - Must be performed by a medical professional of the same sex. Asses a dog's behavior Relaxed - play bow/ body wiggle, tail wagging, ears neutral, mouth appears soft tongue hanging out, eyes soft, normal pupil size. Defensive- tail tucked, body lowered, ears back, dilated pupils, tense muscles, weight shifted back, piloerection (hair sticking up) , growling/ snarling, excessive panting. Offensive- tail stiff, ears forward, hard and stiff muscles, weight forward, piloerection, barking/growling/snapping. Criteria that must be met before activating a Blue Alert Law Enforcement officer has been seriously injured/ killed, missing on duty warranting concern for officer's safety Two types of Human Trafficking in Ohio 1. Involuntary Servitude 2. Sex Trafficking Involuntary Servitude Being compelled to perform labor/ services against one's will. Sex Trafficking Applies to a range of commercial sexual activity including sex for hire, performance, obscene material, sexual oriented, nudity oriented. Includes exchange of anything of value (money, drugs, food, shelter, protection). Applies differently to the victims age/ developmental disability Responsibilities of a law enforcement agency in a missing child's case 1. Response to the missing child report should be immediate. 2. Understand there is no waiting period before a child can be reported missing. 3. Immediately enter the info regarding all missing children to NCIC. (including runaways) 4. Notify neighboring agencies. 5. Notify FBI who are mandated to assist in searches for children under 12 yrs old. 6. Remove entry from NCIC if child is found. The initial officer assigned to the report of a missing child shall 1. Conduct preliminary interview of the person making the report. 2. Verify the child is missing. 3. Secure a recent photo of the child and upload it to NCIC and other distributions. Info an officer should gather during a preliminary interview in a family abduction missing child case. 1. Determine who has custody rights. 2. Confirm the suspected family member as the actual abductor 3. Ask questions to establish the intent of the abductor. 4. Ask additional questions. The closure stage provides an important opportunity for law enforcement to learn -How the runaway survived. -Investigate if other crimes were being committed at home that may have caused to child to run. Criteria that must be met to activate an Amber Alert 1. Confirm the child is under 18 yrs old. 2. Believe that the abduction poses a credible threat of immediate danger of bodily harm/ death to the child. 3. Sufficient descriptive info about the child, suspect, or the circumstances surrounding abduction to believe that the alert will help locate the child. 4. Determine that the child is not a runaway and has not been abducted as the result of a family abduction unless the child is in immediate danger of bodily harm/ death. Criteria that must be met to activate an Endangered Missing Child Alert 1. Child is under 18 yrs old. 2. The missing child is lost/ non-witnessed/ non-confirmed abduction. 3. The child's whereabouts are unknown. 4. Disappearance of the child posses a credible threat of immediate bodily harm/ death. When the missing person is 21 years of age or older and foul play is suspected 1. All info contained in the report must be entered into NCIC within 7 days. 2. Officers are strongly encouraged to enter the info immediately. 3 Phases of DUI Detection -Vehicle in motion -Personal contact - SFST Decision for Phase 1 (SFST) Should I stop or have enough to stop this vehicle? Decision for Phase 2 (SFST) Should I make the driver exit the vehicle? Decision for Phase 3 (SFST) Do I have enough info to arrest? SFST consist of how many tests? -3 HGN (Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus) Walk and Turn One Leg Stand How many clues are in the HGN test? -3 per eye = total of 6 How many clues are in the walk and turn test? 8 How many clues are in the one leg stand test? 4 Number of clues to fail HGN 4 Number of clues needed to fail Walk & Turn test 2 Number of clues needed to fail the one leg stand test 2 Steps of the HGN test 1. Equal pupil size, resting nystagmus 2. Equal Tracking 3. Smooth pursuit 4. Nystagmus at maximum deviation 5. Onset of nystagmus prior to 45 degrees 6. Vertical nystagmus (VGN)