Pathophysiology FINAL EXAM- Questions and Answers Correctly done Latest Updated Version 2024

Pathophysiology FINAL EXAM- Questions and
Answers Correctly done Latest Updated Version 2024
QUESTION; Which of the following drives the filtration rate in the nephron?

a. hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries

b. colloid osmotic pressure from proteins

c. fluid pressure in Bowman's capsule

d. all of the above - ANSWER-d. all of the above

QUESTION;The volume of air that moves during a single inspiration or expiration is known as:

a. tidal volume

b. inspiratory reserve volume

c. vital capacity

d. functional residual capacity - ANSWER-a. tidal volume



QUESTION; The additional volume you inspire above the tidal volume represents:

a. vital capacity

b. functional residual volume

c. inspiratory reserve volume

d. inspiratory capacity - ANSWER-c. inspiratory reserve volume



QUESTION; The amount of air forcefully exhaled after the end of a normal expiration is the:

a. tidal volume

b. functional residual volume

c. expiratory capacity

d. expiratory reserve volume - ANSWER-d. expiratory reserve volume



QUESTION; which of the following lists the muscles used during inhalation?

a. Scalenes, internal intercostals, diaphragm

b. External intercostals, internal intercostals, abdominal muscles

,c. SCOM, scalenes, external intercostals, diaphragm

d. SCOM, scalenes, internal intercostals, diaphragm - ANSWER-c. SCOM, scalenes, external intercostals,
diaphragm



QUESTION; All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

a. intrapleural pressure is more negative than alveolar pressure

b. alveolar pressure becomes positive during inspiration

c. alveolar pressure becomes negative during inspiration

d. alveolar pressure becomes positive during expiration - ANSWER-b. alveolar pressure becomes positive
during inspiration



QUESTION; Which of the following states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum
of the pressures exerted by the individual gases?

a. Boyle's Law

b. Poisseuille's Law

c. Law of LaPlace

d. Dalton's Law - ANSWER-d. Dalton's Law



QUESTION; What law states that if two bubbles have different diameters but are formed by fluids with
the same surface tension, the pressure inside the smaller bubble is greater than that inside the larger
bubble?

a. Boyle's Law

b. Poisseuille's Law

c. Law of LaPlace

d. Dalton's Law - ANSWER-c. Law of LaPlace



QUESTION; Which of the following is a powerful bronchodilator?

a. parasympathetic nervous system

b. histamine

c. leukotrienes

, d. carbon dioxide - ANSWER-d. carbon dioxide



QUESTION; pathological conditions in which lung compliance is reduced are called:

a. obstructive lung disease

b. restrictive lung disease

c. emphysema

d. asthma - ANSWER-b. restrictive lung disease



QUESTION; diseases in which air flow is diminished because of increased airway resistance are known as:

a. obstructive lung disease

b. restrictive lung disease

c. spinal cord injuries

d. muscular dystrophy - ANSWER-a. obstructive lung disease



QUESTION; carbon dioxide can be transported in the body by all of the following ways EXCEPT:

a. dissolved in the plasma

b. bound to hemoglobin

c. as bicarbonate ions

d. bound to hormones - ANSWER-d. bound to hormones



QUESTION; Chemoreceptors that monitor arterial blood composition to avoid hypoxia and hypercapnia
respond to all of the following variables EXCEPT:

a. oxygen levels

b. carbon dioxide levels

c. pH

d. glucose levels - ANSWER-d. glucose levels



QUESTION; Low arterial oxygen caused by a decrease in lung diffusion capacity can lead to:

a. hypoxic hypoxia