Foundations in Microbiology Chapter 5 Exam Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2024 (Graded A+)

Foundations in Microbiology Chapter 5 Exam Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2024 (Graded A+) Protozoa - Answers -always unicellular Fungi - Answers -unicellular/multicellular Algae - Answers -unicellular/multicellular Helminths - Answers -multicellular EXCEPT reproductive stages -Animals with unicellular egg or larval forms Eukaryotic cell (Internal) - Answers -cytoplasmic matrix -nucleus -organelles -E.R. -G.A. -Mitochodria -Chloroplast -Ribosomes -cytoskeleton -microtubules -microfilaments Eukaryotic cell (External) - Answers -Appendages -Flagella -Cilia -Glycocalyx -capsules -Slime Boundary of Cell - Answers -cell wall -cell/cytoplasmic membrane External structure flagella - Answers -long, shealthed cylinder containing microtubule -motility Cilia - Answers -found only on a single group of protozoa and certain animal cells --motility --feeding --filtering Glycocalyx - Answers -functions in ADHERENCE, protection, and signal reception --slime layer --capsule layer --composed of polysaccharides Cell wall - Answers -Rigid, provides structural support and shape -chitin -cellulose Chitin - Answers -fungi have THICK inner layer of polysaccharide fibers Cellulose - Answers -found in Algae Cell membrane - Answers -Typical bilayer of phospholipids and proteins -Selectively permeable barrier Nucleus - Answers -sphere, most prominent organelle -houses nucleic acids Nucleolus - Answers -dark area for rRNA synthesis and ribosome assembly Rough endoplasmic reticulum - Answers -ribosomes -protein synthesis -First step in secretory pathway Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - Answers -NO ribosomes -Protein processing, synthesis and storage of lipids Golgi Apparatus - Answers -Modifies, stores, and packages proteins -Flattened sacs- Cisternae Lysosomes - Answers -Vesicles containing enzymes from golgi apparatus --intracellular digestion of food particles --protection against invading microbes Vacuoles - Answers -membrane bound sacs, containing particles to be digested, excreted or stored Phagosome - Answers -vacuole merged with a lysosome Mitochondria - Answers -power house (energy production) -Folds in inner and outer called cristae -cristae-increase surface area -contain DNA and prokaryotic ribosomes -70s Chloroplast - Answers -convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis -found in Algae and Plant cell -70s Ribosomes (80s) - Answers - composed of rRNA and proteins -scattered in cytoplasm/ or RER -Larger in prokaryotic ribosomes Protein synthesis Eukaryotic microbes - Answers -Fungi -Algae -Protozoa -Parasitic worms Fungi - Answers -Macroscopic fungi (mushrooms, puffballs)