DAANCE ANESTHETIC MEDICATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024 (ALREADY PASSED)

DAANCE ANESTHETIC MEDICATIONS EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024 (ALREADY PASSED) What medication is not as highly bound to fat as others? - Answers Brevital This may cause hiccups, tachycardia, and respiratory depression - Answers Brevital You should use this cautiously in patients with cardiac dysrhythmias - Answers Local Anesthetic What is Valium (Diazepam) used for? - Answers To sedate the patient What medication is used as an antagonist for narcotics? - Answers Naloxone (Narcan) This medication can cause bad dreams with emergence - Answers Ketamine What organ detoxifies barbituates? - Answers Liver What are the 4 important characteristics that apply to anesthetic agents? - Answers 1. Not Toxic 2. Non Flammable 3. Non addictive 4. Minimal Allergenicity This medication causes amnesia? - Answers Versed Name a benzodiazepine? - Answers Versed Versed, Propofol, Brevital, and Ketmine are used for? - Answers Relaxation and immobility What medication is the most effective in causing hypnosis (loss of consciousness)? - Answers Propofol and barbiturates Name a barbiturate - Answers Brevital What medication helps to prevent laryngospasms? - Answers Robinol and Atropine What medication relieves Angina? - Answers Nytroglycerine Microscopic channels within the membranes of neurons through which charged particles or ions pass during conduction of the nerve impulse. - Answers Ion Channels A reversal of charge across the neuronal membrane caused by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions through ion channels. - Answers Depolarization An advancing wave of charge reversal as the nerve impulse advances along the neuron - Answers Wave of depolarization Reestablishment of the normal distribution of charge across a neuronal membrane - Answers Repolarization The junction between two nerves, the impulse "jumps across" - Answers Synapse Bulge at the end of a nerve - Answers Terminal button What is the gap between two nerves called - Answers Synaptic Cleft Chemical substance that crosses the synaptic cleft and activates opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic nerve, and thereby enables the nerve impulse to passed from on nerve to the next. - Answers Neurotransmitter Specialized sites on ion channels to which natural neurotransmitter substances or drugs attach, usually leading to the opening of the ion channel for passage of positively or negatively charged ions. - Answers Receptor Sites What maintains the state of consciousness? - Answers Wakefulness System Where is the wakefulness system located? - Answers The brainstem Unconsciousness induced by an anesthetic agent - Answers Hypnotic Regulate the spectrum of emotion, can go from calm to anxious or rage - Answers Center of emotion What type of medications calm anxiety? - Answers Anxiolytics This ovoid structure in the central portion of the brain relays sensory input to the cerebral cortex - Answers Relay Center A feeling of elation or well-being caused by a drug or anesthetic agent - Answers Euphoria Naturally occurring substances that have analgesic properties similar to those of opioid drugs - Answers Endorphins What center is located in the brainstem that controls such physiologic process as blood pressure and pulse, depth and rate of respiration - Answers Vital Center Almond shaped structure, located in the upper most part of the brainstem and serves as a bridge to the midbrain - Answers Pons Contains the vital center with the pons - Answers Medulla Normal state of vitals - Answers Hemostasis Effect the drug has on the body - Answers Pharmacodynamics Effect the body has on the drug - Answers Pharmacokinetics Release of a drug from its initial receptor site, movement through the blood stream to other body structures - Answers Redistribution Chemical alteration of drugs and other substances that usually takes place in the liver. - Answers Metabolism Anesthesia that relies on the use of several agents together, capitalizing on the best aspects of each agent, but using each at a smaller does than would be required if it were used alone. - Answers Balanced Anesthesia per os means what - Answers By mouth Per os, topical, subcutaneous, rectal, intramuscular, intravenous, inhalation route, or intravenous via infusion pump are all routes of what? - Answers Routes of administration of medication How do you find the percent of concentration for a solution? - Answers Concentration % = mg/cc (1% = 1g/100mL) What are the 4 levels of anesthesia? - Answers 1. Minimal Sedation/Anxiolysis 2. Moderate Sedation/ Conscious Sedation 3. Deep Sedation/Analgesia 4. General Anesthesia Describe Minimal Sedation (Anxiolysis) - Answers Normal response to verbal stimuli. Airway, ventilation, and cardiovascular functions are unaffected. Describe Moderate Sedation/Conscious sedation - Answers Purposeful response to verbal or tactile stimulation. Ventilation, cardiovascular, and airway functions are maintained Describe Deep Sedation - Answers Purposeful response after repeated or painful stimulation with possible need for maintenance of airway, ventilation, and cardiovascular function usually maintained. Describe General Anesthesia - Answers The patient is unarousable, even with painful stimulation, airway intervention required with possible support of ventilation and possible impairment of cardiovascular function. A phenomenon during emergence from anesthesia that follows the discontinuation of nitrous oxide and during which nitrous oxide rapidly passes from the bloodstream into the alveoli and displaces other gases, including oxygen - Answers Diffusion Hypoxia Low levels of oxygen in the body's tissue - Answers Hypoxia Increase in the level of carbon dioxide - Answers Hypercarbia