MICB 212 Midterm UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
3 levels of defense - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Anatomical and physiological barriers
Innate immune response
Adaptive immune response
Anatomical/physiological barriers - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Skin - physical barrier
Mucosal linings of gut, resp/urogen tracts, conjunctival surface
Stomach acid/lysozyme/other antimicrobial secretions
Innate immune response features - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Quick (hours) and non-
specific
Involves phagocytosis + activation of complement proteins
Limit spread of infection
No memory
Dendritic cells, granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages
Often resolves the infection
Adaptive immune response features - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Slow (7-10 days) but highly
specific, follows innate response
Involve antibody-mediated responses and cell-mediated responses
Retains memory of pathogen
T-cells and B-cells
Hematopoietic stem cell flowchart - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Where are HSCs found - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Vast majority are in bone marrow, few
in umbilical cord + in blood
, 2 types of leukocytes + their immune response involvement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Myeloid cells (innate) and lymphoid cells (adaptive)
Some myeloid cell types - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Monocytes, which mature into
macrophages
Granulocytes (neutr/bas/eosin, mast cells which may have their own weird precursor??)
Some lymphoid cell types - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- CTLs
T helper (Th) cells
T regulatory (Treg) cells
B cells, which can develop into plasma cells
NK cells
Dendritic cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- link between innate and adaptive immune
response, important for presenting antigen, activating T cells and initiating adaptive response.
Some descend from myeloid cells, some from lymphoid cells
Primary lymphoid organs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Bone marrow - Most immune cells
mature here
Thymus - T cells mature here
Secondary lymphoid organs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Spleen and lymph nodes
Describe the interplay between tissues, lymph circulation, and blood circulation - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Fluid from tissues drains into the lymph circulatory system + is carried
throughout the lymph nodes. Can integrate with the bloodstream via the thoracic duct, near
the heart
Features of PAMPs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Not produced by the multicellular host
organism
Shared by large groups of pathogens
Do not undergo frequent mutation
Often essential for pathogen survival
Questions and CORRECT Answers
3 levels of defense - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Anatomical and physiological barriers
Innate immune response
Adaptive immune response
Anatomical/physiological barriers - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Skin - physical barrier
Mucosal linings of gut, resp/urogen tracts, conjunctival surface
Stomach acid/lysozyme/other antimicrobial secretions
Innate immune response features - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Quick (hours) and non-
specific
Involves phagocytosis + activation of complement proteins
Limit spread of infection
No memory
Dendritic cells, granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages
Often resolves the infection
Adaptive immune response features - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Slow (7-10 days) but highly
specific, follows innate response
Involve antibody-mediated responses and cell-mediated responses
Retains memory of pathogen
T-cells and B-cells
Hematopoietic stem cell flowchart - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Where are HSCs found - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Vast majority are in bone marrow, few
in umbilical cord + in blood
, 2 types of leukocytes + their immune response involvement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Myeloid cells (innate) and lymphoid cells (adaptive)
Some myeloid cell types - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Monocytes, which mature into
macrophages
Granulocytes (neutr/bas/eosin, mast cells which may have their own weird precursor??)
Some lymphoid cell types - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- CTLs
T helper (Th) cells
T regulatory (Treg) cells
B cells, which can develop into plasma cells
NK cells
Dendritic cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- link between innate and adaptive immune
response, important for presenting antigen, activating T cells and initiating adaptive response.
Some descend from myeloid cells, some from lymphoid cells
Primary lymphoid organs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Bone marrow - Most immune cells
mature here
Thymus - T cells mature here
Secondary lymphoid organs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Spleen and lymph nodes
Describe the interplay between tissues, lymph circulation, and blood circulation - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Fluid from tissues drains into the lymph circulatory system + is carried
throughout the lymph nodes. Can integrate with the bloodstream via the thoracic duct, near
the heart
Features of PAMPs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Not produced by the multicellular host
organism
Shared by large groups of pathogens
Do not undergo frequent mutation
Often essential for pathogen survival
