practice-exam-for-abdomen-and-pelvis-shp-
2024-
1. Which is the correct match of pathology with proper age group? - answer>>>>benign prostatic
hyperplasia and old men. Fibroids are typically found in reproductively cycling women. Ovaian cancer
also tends to occur in reproductive cycling women. Direct inguinal hernias are typical of newborn boys.
Testicular cancer is most common in young men.
1. What are three named arteries which are directly branches off the celiac axis/trunk? -
answer>>>>splenic, left gastric and common hepatic artery are the typical three main branches off the
celiac. axis/trunk. The hepatic artery proper is a secondary branch of the common hepatic. The common
hepatic artery typically branches to form both the gastroduodenal artery and hepatic artery proper. The
right gastric is a branch off the common hepatic or hepatic artery proper
A 1-year-old boy is brought to your clinic by his mother who reports a painless bulging
right scrotum. Physical exam indicated both testicles are scrotal but an additional solid
mass is present in the right scrotum. Which one of the following pathological conditions
is most likely present in the 1-year-old? - answer>>>>indirect inguinal hernia is the most
likely condition. Hydrocele is a scrotal fluid collection; not likely since the bulge was a
"solid mass". Both testicles were scrotal so cryptorchidism (a hidden testicle, typically
stuck within the inguinal canal or above it) is not likely. Direct inguinal hernias are
common in overweight old men, not young boys. Testicular torsion is both very painful
and more common in adolescents, rather than in a 1-year-old.
A 26-year-old was thrown off his motorcycle when he hit a guard rail. X-ray shows he
fractured his pelvis, specifically his iliac bone and developed a large hematoma within
his iliacus muscle. He had good sensation within the scrotum and anterior abdominal
wall, but reported no being able to sense the presence of his hand when he put it into
his own front pocket of his pants. There was no loss of motor function noted. Which of
the following nerves is most likely damaged? - answer>>>>lateral cutaneous nerve of
the thigh courses onto of the iliacus muscle . None of the other nerves are likely
damaged. Subcostal nerve innervates the anterior abdominal wall in the suprapubic
region. Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves travel on top of the quadratus lumborum
muscle in the posterior abdominal region and continue laterally toward the abdominal
wall. The femoral nerve courses adjacent to the psoas muscle and has significant motor
function, which are all normal. Other nerves are not in the injury location.
, A 72-year-old female patient comes to clinic and complains of recent back pain. She
describes that the pain is persistent and progressively worse, though she has difficulty
locating the pain other than "mid back". There is no obvious history of back injury in the
past 4 months. The pain started as epigastric pain which progressed bilaterally to the
back. She has lost 15 lbs in the last 2 months. Physical examination detects a mild
jaundice in her sclera. The physician suspects that her back pain is a referred pain from
an internal organ. Which organ is the most likely cause of her back pain? -
answer>>>>pancreas Pancreatic cancer usually causes epigastric pain which worsens
and spread to back pain in the middle region of the trunk. It is often accompanied by
weight loss and jaundice
. A 20-year-old male patient comes to clinic with abdominal pain. The pain started
around his umbilical region accompanied by nausea. He vomited twice. In the clinic,
physical exam finds the pain now is localized in the RLQ or the right inguinal region.
Appendicitis is most likely the diagnosis. Why did the patient's pain start his around the
umbilical region? Please select one best answer to this question. -
answer>>>>Appendix is a midgut organ and midgut organs usually produce referred
pain to the paraumbilical region. While the appendix receives both sympathetic and
parasympathetic innervation, afferent information is carried back to the central nervous
system through sympathetic nerves. Midgut derived organs, such as the appendix
synapse on dorsal horn cells at T10 and T11 levels (least thoracic splanchnic nerves)
which is the same dermatomal levels as the umbilicus and just below the umbilicus.
A common occurrence in females within reproductive years is swelling and inflammation
of their external genitalia at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions to the vaginal opening. This
condition can often be treated with warm sits baths and NSAIDs. Which mucous glands
are most often involved? - answer>>>>Bartholin's (greater vestibular glands) often can
plug and thus swell and can become inflamed. Cervical glands may lubricate the upper
portion of the vagina. Skene's (paraurethral) glands are adjacent to either side to the
urethra which is a 12 o'clock to the vaginal opening. Cowper's (bulbourethral) glands
are present only in males and secrete mucous upon erotic stimuli.
A human skeleton is found during the excavation for the basement of a new building.
The pelvis is intact. Which aspect of the pelvis is the most reliable for determining if the
pelvis is a male? - answer>>>>a male pelvis has a subpubic angle of about 60 degrees.
In females the subpubic angle is about 90 degrees. All the other characteristics are
those of a female pelvis.
Food nutrients absorbed in the ileum travel in one of the following ways -
answer>>>>Mesenteric veins, superior mesenteric vein, hepatic port vein, liver.
2024-
1. Which is the correct match of pathology with proper age group? - answer>>>>benign prostatic
hyperplasia and old men. Fibroids are typically found in reproductively cycling women. Ovaian cancer
also tends to occur in reproductive cycling women. Direct inguinal hernias are typical of newborn boys.
Testicular cancer is most common in young men.
1. What are three named arteries which are directly branches off the celiac axis/trunk? -
answer>>>>splenic, left gastric and common hepatic artery are the typical three main branches off the
celiac. axis/trunk. The hepatic artery proper is a secondary branch of the common hepatic. The common
hepatic artery typically branches to form both the gastroduodenal artery and hepatic artery proper. The
right gastric is a branch off the common hepatic or hepatic artery proper
A 1-year-old boy is brought to your clinic by his mother who reports a painless bulging
right scrotum. Physical exam indicated both testicles are scrotal but an additional solid
mass is present in the right scrotum. Which one of the following pathological conditions
is most likely present in the 1-year-old? - answer>>>>indirect inguinal hernia is the most
likely condition. Hydrocele is a scrotal fluid collection; not likely since the bulge was a
"solid mass". Both testicles were scrotal so cryptorchidism (a hidden testicle, typically
stuck within the inguinal canal or above it) is not likely. Direct inguinal hernias are
common in overweight old men, not young boys. Testicular torsion is both very painful
and more common in adolescents, rather than in a 1-year-old.
A 26-year-old was thrown off his motorcycle when he hit a guard rail. X-ray shows he
fractured his pelvis, specifically his iliac bone and developed a large hematoma within
his iliacus muscle. He had good sensation within the scrotum and anterior abdominal
wall, but reported no being able to sense the presence of his hand when he put it into
his own front pocket of his pants. There was no loss of motor function noted. Which of
the following nerves is most likely damaged? - answer>>>>lateral cutaneous nerve of
the thigh courses onto of the iliacus muscle . None of the other nerves are likely
damaged. Subcostal nerve innervates the anterior abdominal wall in the suprapubic
region. Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves travel on top of the quadratus lumborum
muscle in the posterior abdominal region and continue laterally toward the abdominal
wall. The femoral nerve courses adjacent to the psoas muscle and has significant motor
function, which are all normal. Other nerves are not in the injury location.
, A 72-year-old female patient comes to clinic and complains of recent back pain. She
describes that the pain is persistent and progressively worse, though she has difficulty
locating the pain other than "mid back". There is no obvious history of back injury in the
past 4 months. The pain started as epigastric pain which progressed bilaterally to the
back. She has lost 15 lbs in the last 2 months. Physical examination detects a mild
jaundice in her sclera. The physician suspects that her back pain is a referred pain from
an internal organ. Which organ is the most likely cause of her back pain? -
answer>>>>pancreas Pancreatic cancer usually causes epigastric pain which worsens
and spread to back pain in the middle region of the trunk. It is often accompanied by
weight loss and jaundice
. A 20-year-old male patient comes to clinic with abdominal pain. The pain started
around his umbilical region accompanied by nausea. He vomited twice. In the clinic,
physical exam finds the pain now is localized in the RLQ or the right inguinal region.
Appendicitis is most likely the diagnosis. Why did the patient's pain start his around the
umbilical region? Please select one best answer to this question. -
answer>>>>Appendix is a midgut organ and midgut organs usually produce referred
pain to the paraumbilical region. While the appendix receives both sympathetic and
parasympathetic innervation, afferent information is carried back to the central nervous
system through sympathetic nerves. Midgut derived organs, such as the appendix
synapse on dorsal horn cells at T10 and T11 levels (least thoracic splanchnic nerves)
which is the same dermatomal levels as the umbilicus and just below the umbilicus.
A common occurrence in females within reproductive years is swelling and inflammation
of their external genitalia at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions to the vaginal opening. This
condition can often be treated with warm sits baths and NSAIDs. Which mucous glands
are most often involved? - answer>>>>Bartholin's (greater vestibular glands) often can
plug and thus swell and can become inflamed. Cervical glands may lubricate the upper
portion of the vagina. Skene's (paraurethral) glands are adjacent to either side to the
urethra which is a 12 o'clock to the vaginal opening. Cowper's (bulbourethral) glands
are present only in males and secrete mucous upon erotic stimuli.
A human skeleton is found during the excavation for the basement of a new building.
The pelvis is intact. Which aspect of the pelvis is the most reliable for determining if the
pelvis is a male? - answer>>>>a male pelvis has a subpubic angle of about 60 degrees.
In females the subpubic angle is about 90 degrees. All the other characteristics are
those of a female pelvis.
Food nutrients absorbed in the ileum travel in one of the following ways -
answer>>>>Mesenteric veins, superior mesenteric vein, hepatic port vein, liver.
