COMD 5070 - FINAL EXAM AND ANSWERS
A line spectrum is a _______ in time. - answer-snapshot
A semitone is always 1/__th of an octave. - answer-1/12th
As you lower tongue and jaw, you ______ f1 frequency. - answer-increase
As you move tongue backward, (increase/decrease) f2 frequency. - answer-decrease
As you move tongue forward, (increase/decrease) f2 frequency. - answer-increase
As you raise tongue and jaw, you ______ f1 frequency. - answer-decrease
Do we need language competence to perceive phonetic differences? - answer-no
During early childhood, auditory feedback is _______ for learning how to make certain
sounds but ________ later in life. - answer-essential (early on)
Not as necessary later in life (closed-loop feedback is inappropriate for speaking)
Emg intramusuclar electrodes are for what? - answer-fine detail
Emg surface electrodes are for what? - answer-overall activity measures of larger
muscles
Flow during oral consonants indicates _______. - answer-leakage
For a voiced stop, how long is the stop gap? - answer-short
Hoarse voices have (high/low) perturbation. - answer-higher
How can you estimate subglottal pressure? - answer-produce voiceless bilabial plosive
(pah, pah, pah)
-this is when oral pressure equals subglottal pressure
How can you measure flow? - answer-pneumotachograph
How can you vary the filter behavior? - answer-tongue/jaw movement
How can you vary the source behavior?
-loudness
-pitch
-voice quality - answer-loudness - more force from lungs
Pitch - stretch vocal folds to increase tension
Voice quality - breathy? Adjust space between arytenoids
, How do semitones correlate to our pitch perception? - answer-both systems are not
linear
-difference in fundamental frequencies between males and females will have a similar
standard deviation in semitones
How do we know a baby hears phonetic differences? - answer-infant heart rate drops
for novel stimuli
How do we parse words from a stream of sounds? - answer-some top-down processing
is essential
-reliance on linguistic knowledge (of person, topic, setting) to create expectations
-clears ambiguities from early processing
How do you calculate average air flow? - answer-dividing volume used by time
-for example, if 1 liter of air is used and phonation lasts for 5 seconds
-average flow = 1/5 liters per second = 0.2 l/s
How does categorical perception differ from continuous perception? - answer-while both
continuous and categorical perception have no right or wrong responses, they differ in
that categorical perception represents a binary, one choice or another, whereas
continuous perception offers a range of choices. In the loudness chart, two people can
have drastically different perceptions of how loud a tone is. In the da/ta plot, there are
only two choices, and most people's crossover points should lie within 20 ms of each
other.
How does electromagnetic articulography work? - answer--uses several
electromagnetic signals
-each transmitter has its own frequency
-wires to each sensor
How does magnetic jaw tracking work? - answer--single permanent magnet attached to
teeth
-headset detects magnet movements
How does ohm's law relate to the voice (equation)? - answer-laryngeal airway
resistance = subglottic pressure / air flow
How does the tongue move during acoustically identified phoneme boundaries? -
answer-dynamically and constantly
How is f0 affected by enthusiastic intonation? - answer-higher average and maximum f0
How is phonetic memory acquired? - answer-repeated exposure to sounds
How many microphones are involved in acoustic nasometry? - answer-two
A line spectrum is a _______ in time. - answer-snapshot
A semitone is always 1/__th of an octave. - answer-1/12th
As you lower tongue and jaw, you ______ f1 frequency. - answer-increase
As you move tongue backward, (increase/decrease) f2 frequency. - answer-decrease
As you move tongue forward, (increase/decrease) f2 frequency. - answer-increase
As you raise tongue and jaw, you ______ f1 frequency. - answer-decrease
Do we need language competence to perceive phonetic differences? - answer-no
During early childhood, auditory feedback is _______ for learning how to make certain
sounds but ________ later in life. - answer-essential (early on)
Not as necessary later in life (closed-loop feedback is inappropriate for speaking)
Emg intramusuclar electrodes are for what? - answer-fine detail
Emg surface electrodes are for what? - answer-overall activity measures of larger
muscles
Flow during oral consonants indicates _______. - answer-leakage
For a voiced stop, how long is the stop gap? - answer-short
Hoarse voices have (high/low) perturbation. - answer-higher
How can you estimate subglottal pressure? - answer-produce voiceless bilabial plosive
(pah, pah, pah)
-this is when oral pressure equals subglottal pressure
How can you measure flow? - answer-pneumotachograph
How can you vary the filter behavior? - answer-tongue/jaw movement
How can you vary the source behavior?
-loudness
-pitch
-voice quality - answer-loudness - more force from lungs
Pitch - stretch vocal folds to increase tension
Voice quality - breathy? Adjust space between arytenoids
, How do semitones correlate to our pitch perception? - answer-both systems are not
linear
-difference in fundamental frequencies between males and females will have a similar
standard deviation in semitones
How do we know a baby hears phonetic differences? - answer-infant heart rate drops
for novel stimuli
How do we parse words from a stream of sounds? - answer-some top-down processing
is essential
-reliance on linguistic knowledge (of person, topic, setting) to create expectations
-clears ambiguities from early processing
How do you calculate average air flow? - answer-dividing volume used by time
-for example, if 1 liter of air is used and phonation lasts for 5 seconds
-average flow = 1/5 liters per second = 0.2 l/s
How does categorical perception differ from continuous perception? - answer-while both
continuous and categorical perception have no right or wrong responses, they differ in
that categorical perception represents a binary, one choice or another, whereas
continuous perception offers a range of choices. In the loudness chart, two people can
have drastically different perceptions of how loud a tone is. In the da/ta plot, there are
only two choices, and most people's crossover points should lie within 20 ms of each
other.
How does electromagnetic articulography work? - answer--uses several
electromagnetic signals
-each transmitter has its own frequency
-wires to each sensor
How does magnetic jaw tracking work? - answer--single permanent magnet attached to
teeth
-headset detects magnet movements
How does ohm's law relate to the voice (equation)? - answer-laryngeal airway
resistance = subglottic pressure / air flow
How does the tongue move during acoustically identified phoneme boundaries? -
answer-dynamically and constantly
How is f0 affected by enthusiastic intonation? - answer-higher average and maximum f0
How is phonetic memory acquired? - answer-repeated exposure to sounds
How many microphones are involved in acoustic nasometry? - answer-two
