NUTRITION FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING. SAMPLE EXAM
REVISION PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS (2024 UPDATE)
Vitamin A - ANSWER- Retinol; important for vision and tissue growth.
Night Blindness - ANSWER- Deficiency disease caused by lack of Vitamin A.
Vitamin D - ANSWER- Crucial for calcium absorption and bone health.
Rickets - ANSWER- Deficiency disease in children due to Vitamin D lack.
Vitamin E - ANSWER- Tocopherol; antioxidant maintaining cell membrane integrity.
Hemolytic Anemia - ANSWER- Deficiency disease linked to insufficient Vitamin E.
Vitamin K - ANSWER- Essential for blood clotting and bone development.
Magnesium - ANSWER- Mineral regulating nerve and muscle function.
Hypomagnesemia - ANSWER- Condition of low magnesium levels causing muscle cramps.
Hypermagnesemia - ANSWER- Condition of high magnesium levels causing respiratory
issues.
Caronic a conolism - ANSWER- Prolonged IV therapy causing electrolyte imbalances.
Hypoparathyroidism - ANSWER- Condition leading to low calcium levels in blood.
Tetany - ANSWER- Neuromuscular excitability causing muscle spasms.
, Decreased deep tendon reflexes - ANSWER- Reduced reflex response due to
hypermagnesemia.
Vasodilation - ANSWER- Widening of blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
Iron - ANSWER- Essential trace mineral for hemoglobin synthesis.
Heme iron - ANSWER- Most absorbable iron from animal meat sources.
Nonheme iron - ANSWER- Iron from plant sources and fortified cereals.
Iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER- Microcytic anemia due to insufficient iron levels.
Fluid compartments - ANSWER- Intracellular and extracellular spaces in the body.
Intracellular fluid (ICF) - ANSWER- 66% of body water located within cells.
Extracellular fluid (ECF) - ANSWER- Fluid outside cells, includes interstitial and plasma.
Thirst mechanism - ANSWER- Regulated by hypothalamus to maintain hydration.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ANSWER- Hormone conserving water when levels are low.
Fluid volume deficit - ANSWER- Condition caused by excessive fluid loss.
Signs of fluid volume deficit - ANSWER- Decreased urination, dry membranes, hypotension.
Fluid volume excess - ANSWER- Condition from excessive fluid intake or sodium.
Signs of fluid volume excess - ANSWER- Sudden weight gain, edema, hypertension.
Blood transfusion - ANSWER- Process of transferring blood components to a patient.
REVISION PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS (2024 UPDATE)
Vitamin A - ANSWER- Retinol; important for vision and tissue growth.
Night Blindness - ANSWER- Deficiency disease caused by lack of Vitamin A.
Vitamin D - ANSWER- Crucial for calcium absorption and bone health.
Rickets - ANSWER- Deficiency disease in children due to Vitamin D lack.
Vitamin E - ANSWER- Tocopherol; antioxidant maintaining cell membrane integrity.
Hemolytic Anemia - ANSWER- Deficiency disease linked to insufficient Vitamin E.
Vitamin K - ANSWER- Essential for blood clotting and bone development.
Magnesium - ANSWER- Mineral regulating nerve and muscle function.
Hypomagnesemia - ANSWER- Condition of low magnesium levels causing muscle cramps.
Hypermagnesemia - ANSWER- Condition of high magnesium levels causing respiratory
issues.
Caronic a conolism - ANSWER- Prolonged IV therapy causing electrolyte imbalances.
Hypoparathyroidism - ANSWER- Condition leading to low calcium levels in blood.
Tetany - ANSWER- Neuromuscular excitability causing muscle spasms.
, Decreased deep tendon reflexes - ANSWER- Reduced reflex response due to
hypermagnesemia.
Vasodilation - ANSWER- Widening of blood vessels, lowering blood pressure.
Iron - ANSWER- Essential trace mineral for hemoglobin synthesis.
Heme iron - ANSWER- Most absorbable iron from animal meat sources.
Nonheme iron - ANSWER- Iron from plant sources and fortified cereals.
Iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER- Microcytic anemia due to insufficient iron levels.
Fluid compartments - ANSWER- Intracellular and extracellular spaces in the body.
Intracellular fluid (ICF) - ANSWER- 66% of body water located within cells.
Extracellular fluid (ECF) - ANSWER- Fluid outside cells, includes interstitial and plasma.
Thirst mechanism - ANSWER- Regulated by hypothalamus to maintain hydration.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - ANSWER- Hormone conserving water when levels are low.
Fluid volume deficit - ANSWER- Condition caused by excessive fluid loss.
Signs of fluid volume deficit - ANSWER- Decreased urination, dry membranes, hypotension.
Fluid volume excess - ANSWER- Condition from excessive fluid intake or sodium.
Signs of fluid volume excess - ANSWER- Sudden weight gain, edema, hypertension.
Blood transfusion - ANSWER- Process of transferring blood components to a patient.
