HUMAN NUTRITION FUNDAMENTALS EXAMINATION. ALL
EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE) 100%
Main nutrients of concern for vegan - ANSWER- Complete protien, iron, zinc, calcuim, b12,
d, DHA and EPA
Alcohol absorption - ANSWER- absorbed directly in the stomach, food in the stomach slows
down absorption. Diffises across the membrane
Alcohol breakdown - ANSWER- Alcohol is broken down into acetaldehyde which is toxic and
builds up in the liver. It also produces NADH and acetyl-COA which results in fatty acid synthesis.
Reactive oxygen molecules are also created and can make liver disease and cancer FREE
RADICALS
Benefits of alcohol - ANSWER- Moderate consumption protects us from heart disease as it
increases high density lipoprotein - the good cholesterol
Caffine - ANSWER- Cardiac muscle stimulant that is absorbed rapidly and distributed
throughout the body.
Caffine DRI - ANSWER- Adults no more than 400mg a day (around 3c of coffee). Child baring
woman should have no more than 300. Children should Have no more than 2.5 mg / kg. Children
should not consume caffeinated energy drinks
,Dietary thermogenesis - ANSWER- heat-producing energy required to process foods
chemically
Constiptation - ANSWER- condition in which the stools are hard and dry. Increase ur fibre and
fluid intake!!!
Diarrhea - ANSWER- frequent passage of loose, watery stools. Prevent dehydration and avoid
foods high in sugar, caffine, fried foods, dairy and insoluble fibre. Try low fibre grain products and
protien foods. Also probiotics!
Reflux - ANSWER- the back up of stomach acid into the throat. Caused by acidic foods - spicy,
citrus, caffine, tomato, carbonation. Limit exxcess fat and alcohol intake
Peptic ulser - ANSWER- a sore in the lining of the digestive tract. No particular good that
causes but aim to eat good sources of soluble fibre, limit alcohol and caffeine.
Lactose intolerance - ANSWER- The inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose. The
undigested lactose in your large intestine is fremented by bacteria and causes bloating, has,
cramping, nausea and diarrehea. Reduce dairy duh
Flatulence - ANSWER- a buildup of gas in the digestive system that can lead to abdominal
discomfort
Someone with phenylketonuria cannot consume this artificial sweetener ... Because they cannot
metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. - ANSWER- aspirtaine
These transport lipids around the body... - ANSWER- lypoprotiens
, ...are the enzymes responsible for protein digestion - ANSWER- pepsin and tripsin
Intrinsic factor - ANSWER- is a protein secreted by the stomach that joins vitamin B-12 in the
stomach and moves it through the small intestine to be absorbed by your bloodstream. Body cannot
absorb b12 without it
Night blindness is a deficency of - ANSWER- vit a
Rickets is believed to result from a deficiency of? - ANSWER- vit d
Heme iron is absorbed more readily than non-heme. - ANSWER- true
Folic acid is absorbed more readily than folate - ANSWER- true
The enzymes in the stomach are: - ANSWER- pepsin (protiens into AA) amalyse (breaks down
complex carbs into simple sugars) lipase (breaks down fats into small chain fatty acids)
Food security - ANSWER- physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious foods
meeting their dietary needs and food preferences to have an active and healthy life
1 gram of CHO= _____ kcal - ANSWER- 4 calories
1 gram of protein = ____ calories - ANSWER- 4 calories
1 gram of fat = ____ calories - ANSWER- 9 calories
1 gram of alcohol = _____ calories - ANSWER- 7 calories
Metabolism - ANSWER- all the chemical reactions in living organism
EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(ALREADY GRADED A+) (2024 UPDATE) 100%
Main nutrients of concern for vegan - ANSWER- Complete protien, iron, zinc, calcuim, b12,
d, DHA and EPA
Alcohol absorption - ANSWER- absorbed directly in the stomach, food in the stomach slows
down absorption. Diffises across the membrane
Alcohol breakdown - ANSWER- Alcohol is broken down into acetaldehyde which is toxic and
builds up in the liver. It also produces NADH and acetyl-COA which results in fatty acid synthesis.
Reactive oxygen molecules are also created and can make liver disease and cancer FREE
RADICALS
Benefits of alcohol - ANSWER- Moderate consumption protects us from heart disease as it
increases high density lipoprotein - the good cholesterol
Caffine - ANSWER- Cardiac muscle stimulant that is absorbed rapidly and distributed
throughout the body.
Caffine DRI - ANSWER- Adults no more than 400mg a day (around 3c of coffee). Child baring
woman should have no more than 300. Children should Have no more than 2.5 mg / kg. Children
should not consume caffeinated energy drinks
,Dietary thermogenesis - ANSWER- heat-producing energy required to process foods
chemically
Constiptation - ANSWER- condition in which the stools are hard and dry. Increase ur fibre and
fluid intake!!!
Diarrhea - ANSWER- frequent passage of loose, watery stools. Prevent dehydration and avoid
foods high in sugar, caffine, fried foods, dairy and insoluble fibre. Try low fibre grain products and
protien foods. Also probiotics!
Reflux - ANSWER- the back up of stomach acid into the throat. Caused by acidic foods - spicy,
citrus, caffine, tomato, carbonation. Limit exxcess fat and alcohol intake
Peptic ulser - ANSWER- a sore in the lining of the digestive tract. No particular good that
causes but aim to eat good sources of soluble fibre, limit alcohol and caffeine.
Lactose intolerance - ANSWER- The inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose. The
undigested lactose in your large intestine is fremented by bacteria and causes bloating, has,
cramping, nausea and diarrehea. Reduce dairy duh
Flatulence - ANSWER- a buildup of gas in the digestive system that can lead to abdominal
discomfort
Someone with phenylketonuria cannot consume this artificial sweetener ... Because they cannot
metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. - ANSWER- aspirtaine
These transport lipids around the body... - ANSWER- lypoprotiens
, ...are the enzymes responsible for protein digestion - ANSWER- pepsin and tripsin
Intrinsic factor - ANSWER- is a protein secreted by the stomach that joins vitamin B-12 in the
stomach and moves it through the small intestine to be absorbed by your bloodstream. Body cannot
absorb b12 without it
Night blindness is a deficency of - ANSWER- vit a
Rickets is believed to result from a deficiency of? - ANSWER- vit d
Heme iron is absorbed more readily than non-heme. - ANSWER- true
Folic acid is absorbed more readily than folate - ANSWER- true
The enzymes in the stomach are: - ANSWER- pepsin (protiens into AA) amalyse (breaks down
complex carbs into simple sugars) lipase (breaks down fats into small chain fatty acids)
Food security - ANSWER- physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious foods
meeting their dietary needs and food preferences to have an active and healthy life
1 gram of CHO= _____ kcal - ANSWER- 4 calories
1 gram of protein = ____ calories - ANSWER- 4 calories
1 gram of fat = ____ calories - ANSWER- 9 calories
1 gram of alcohol = _____ calories - ANSWER- 7 calories
Metabolism - ANSWER- all the chemical reactions in living organism
