intellectual disability - ANSWER a disability characterized by significant
limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as
expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills. This disability
originates before age 18.
2 principles of intellectual disability - ANSWER (1) Intellectual disability
involves problems in adaptive behaviour, not just intellectual functioning, and
(2) persons with intellectual disability can improve.
mild IQ score - ANSWER 50-70
moderate IQ score - ANSWER 35-50
severe IQ score - ANSWER 20-35
profound IQ score - ANSWER below 20
prevalence of intellectual disability - ANSWER 2.27% of the population
would be classified as having intellectual disabilities; however, fewer than 1%
of the school-age population is identified as having intellectual disabilities.
reason for the lower prevalence of intellectual disability in schools - ANSWER
(1) schools using low adaptive behaviour as well as low IQ scores as criteria
and (2) a preference by some to identify students as having learning disabilities
rather than intellectual disabilities because they perceive a learning disability to
be less stigmatizing.
what causes intellectual disability? - ANSWER prenatal causes, perinatal
causes, postnatal causes
, prenatal causes of intellectual disability - ANSWER (1) chromosomal
disorders, (2) inborn errors of metabolism, (3) developmental disorders
affecting brain formation, and (4) environmental influences.
perinatal causes of intellectual disability - ANSWER anoxia (lack of oxygen),
low birth weight, and infections such as syphilis and herpes simplex.
postnatal causes of intellectual disability - ANSWER traumatic brain injury,
infections, psychological causes, environmental, specific genetic syndromes
What methods of assessment are used to identify individuals with intellectual
disabilities? - ANSWER individual IQ tests, adaptive behavior measures
cautions of IQ tests - ANSWER (1) An individual's IQ score can change; (2)
all IQ tests are culturally biased to some extent; (3) the younger the child, the
less valid are the results; and (4) the ability to live a successful and fulfilling life
does not depend solely on an IQ score.
What are some of the psychological and behavioral characteristics of learners
with intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER attention, memory (especially
working memory), language, self-regulation, motivation, and social
development.
Effective teaching of students with intellectual disabilities involves
_____________: instructional prompts, consequences for performance, and
strategies for the transfer of stimulus control. - ANSWER systematic
instruction
How do professionals assess the progress of students with intellectual
disabilities? - ANSWER academic progress, adaptive behavior, quality of life
Accommodations for students with intellectual disabilities include
modifications in________ - ANSWER scheduling, presentation format,
response format
What are some educational considerations for learners with intellectual
disabilities? - ANSWER The lesser the degree of intellectual disability, the
more the teacher emphasizes academic skills; and the greater the degree of
limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as
expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills. This disability
originates before age 18.
2 principles of intellectual disability - ANSWER (1) Intellectual disability
involves problems in adaptive behaviour, not just intellectual functioning, and
(2) persons with intellectual disability can improve.
mild IQ score - ANSWER 50-70
moderate IQ score - ANSWER 35-50
severe IQ score - ANSWER 20-35
profound IQ score - ANSWER below 20
prevalence of intellectual disability - ANSWER 2.27% of the population
would be classified as having intellectual disabilities; however, fewer than 1%
of the school-age population is identified as having intellectual disabilities.
reason for the lower prevalence of intellectual disability in schools - ANSWER
(1) schools using low adaptive behaviour as well as low IQ scores as criteria
and (2) a preference by some to identify students as having learning disabilities
rather than intellectual disabilities because they perceive a learning disability to
be less stigmatizing.
what causes intellectual disability? - ANSWER prenatal causes, perinatal
causes, postnatal causes
, prenatal causes of intellectual disability - ANSWER (1) chromosomal
disorders, (2) inborn errors of metabolism, (3) developmental disorders
affecting brain formation, and (4) environmental influences.
perinatal causes of intellectual disability - ANSWER anoxia (lack of oxygen),
low birth weight, and infections such as syphilis and herpes simplex.
postnatal causes of intellectual disability - ANSWER traumatic brain injury,
infections, psychological causes, environmental, specific genetic syndromes
What methods of assessment are used to identify individuals with intellectual
disabilities? - ANSWER individual IQ tests, adaptive behavior measures
cautions of IQ tests - ANSWER (1) An individual's IQ score can change; (2)
all IQ tests are culturally biased to some extent; (3) the younger the child, the
less valid are the results; and (4) the ability to live a successful and fulfilling life
does not depend solely on an IQ score.
What are some of the psychological and behavioral characteristics of learners
with intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER attention, memory (especially
working memory), language, self-regulation, motivation, and social
development.
Effective teaching of students with intellectual disabilities involves
_____________: instructional prompts, consequences for performance, and
strategies for the transfer of stimulus control. - ANSWER systematic
instruction
How do professionals assess the progress of students with intellectual
disabilities? - ANSWER academic progress, adaptive behavior, quality of life
Accommodations for students with intellectual disabilities include
modifications in________ - ANSWER scheduling, presentation format,
response format
What are some educational considerations for learners with intellectual
disabilities? - ANSWER The lesser the degree of intellectual disability, the
more the teacher emphasizes academic skills; and the greater the degree of
