NUR209/ NUR 209 (New
2024/ 2025 Update)
Medical Surgical Nursing
low PaCO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Compensated metabolic acidosis
PvCO2 - ANSWER-38-55 mm Hg
high PvCO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Respiratory acidosis
low PvCO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Respiratory alkalosis
PaO2 - ANSWER-80-100 mm Hg
High PaO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Administration of high concentration of oxygen
low PaO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Chronic lung disease, decreased cardiac output
PvO2 - ANSWER-38-42 mm Hg
, high PvO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Administration of high concentration of oxygen
low PvO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Chronic lung disease, decreased cardiac output
Calcium (total) - ANSWER-8.6-10.2 mg/dL
high total calcium levels indicate - ANSWER-Acute osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism,
vitamin D intoxication, multiple myeloma
low total calcium levels indicate - ANSWER-Acute pancreatitis, hypoparathyroidism,
liver disease, malabsorption syndrome, renal failure, vitamin D deficiency
Calcium (ionized) - ANSWER-4.64-5.28 mg/dL
1.16-1.32 mmol/L
Carbon dioxide (CO2) - ANSWER-23-29 mEq/L
high CO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Compensated respiratory acidosis, metabolic
alkalosis
Carotene - ANSWER-10-85 mcg/dL
high carotene levels indicate - ANSWER-Cystic fibrosis, hypothyroidism, pancreatic
insufficiency
Etiologies of high acetone levels - ANSWER-Diabetic ketoacidosis, high-fat diet, low-
carbohydrate diet, starvation
Albumin - ANSWER-3.5-5.0 g/dL
high albumin levels indicate - ANSWER-Dehydration
low albumin levels indicate - ANSWER-Chronic liver disease, malabsorption,
malnutrition, nephrotic syndrome
Aldolase - ANSWER-1.5-8.1 U/L
high aldolase levels indicate - ANSWER-Skeletal muscle disease
low aldolase levels indicate - ANSWER-Renal disease
α1-Antitrypsin - ANSWER-78-200 mg/dL
high α1-Antitrypsin levels indicate - ANSWER-Acute and chronic inflammation, arthritis
2024/ 2025 Update)
Medical Surgical Nursing
low PaCO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Compensated metabolic acidosis
PvCO2 - ANSWER-38-55 mm Hg
high PvCO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Respiratory acidosis
low PvCO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Respiratory alkalosis
PaO2 - ANSWER-80-100 mm Hg
High PaO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Administration of high concentration of oxygen
low PaO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Chronic lung disease, decreased cardiac output
PvO2 - ANSWER-38-42 mm Hg
, high PvO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Administration of high concentration of oxygen
low PvO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Chronic lung disease, decreased cardiac output
Calcium (total) - ANSWER-8.6-10.2 mg/dL
high total calcium levels indicate - ANSWER-Acute osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism,
vitamin D intoxication, multiple myeloma
low total calcium levels indicate - ANSWER-Acute pancreatitis, hypoparathyroidism,
liver disease, malabsorption syndrome, renal failure, vitamin D deficiency
Calcium (ionized) - ANSWER-4.64-5.28 mg/dL
1.16-1.32 mmol/L
Carbon dioxide (CO2) - ANSWER-23-29 mEq/L
high CO2 levels indicate - ANSWER-Compensated respiratory acidosis, metabolic
alkalosis
Carotene - ANSWER-10-85 mcg/dL
high carotene levels indicate - ANSWER-Cystic fibrosis, hypothyroidism, pancreatic
insufficiency
Etiologies of high acetone levels - ANSWER-Diabetic ketoacidosis, high-fat diet, low-
carbohydrate diet, starvation
Albumin - ANSWER-3.5-5.0 g/dL
high albumin levels indicate - ANSWER-Dehydration
low albumin levels indicate - ANSWER-Chronic liver disease, malabsorption,
malnutrition, nephrotic syndrome
Aldolase - ANSWER-1.5-8.1 U/L
high aldolase levels indicate - ANSWER-Skeletal muscle disease
low aldolase levels indicate - ANSWER-Renal disease
α1-Antitrypsin - ANSWER-78-200 mg/dL
high α1-Antitrypsin levels indicate - ANSWER-Acute and chronic inflammation, arthritis
