AQA-7192-3-SOCIOLOGY FINAL MARK SCHEME PAPER 3:Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods-A LEVEL-Jun24-v1.0

AQA-7192-3-SOCIOLOGY FINAL MARK SCHEME PAPER 3:Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods-A LEVEL-Jun24-v1.0. Marking guidance Total marks 01 Outline two reasons why punishment may not be effective in controlling crime. Two marks for each of two reasons clearly outlined or one mark for each reason partially outlined. Answers may include: • punishment of offenders may lead to labelling (1 mark); the stigma attached to being seen as a criminal may lead to a deviant career (+1 mark) • criminals may learn to commit more crime whilst being punished (1 mark); prisons can be seen as ‘universities of crime’ where prisoners learn additional criminal techniques (+1 mark) • people may not always be deterred by punishment (1 mark); the high reoffending rates indicate that many are not put off by prison (+1 mark) • the root cause of crime is not tackled by use of punishment (1 mark); punishments are seen as a reaction to behaviours rather than tackling the underlying issue eg inequalities (+1 mark) • bias in the criminal justice system may mean some escape punishment (1 mark); some groups of people and their actions are less likely to be punished than others (+1 mark). • Rational choice, cost benefit analysis (1 mark). The cost of committing the crime such as a fine or other punishment does not outweigh the benefit for the criminal such as material gain (+ 1 mark). Other relevant material should be credited. No marks for no relevant points. 4 000004 Page 4 of 13 SOCIOLOGY MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY – 7192/3 – JUNE 2024 5 Qu Marking guidance Total marks 02 Outline three reasons for ethnic differences in patterns of crime. Two marks for each of three appropriate reasons clearly outlined or one mark for each appropriate reason partially outlined. Answers may include: • marginalisation of some ethnic groups (1 mark); feelings of powerlessness may lead some ethnic groups to commit crime (+1 mark) • crime may be a form of protest or political act (1 mark); some ethnic groups may engage in crime as a form of resistance to a racist and white-dominated society (+1 mark) • institutional racism within the police (1 mark); some ethnic groups are more likely to be stopped and searched leading to higher recorded patterns of crime (+1 mark) • different levels of social controls between ethnic groups (1 mark); ethnic groups with stricter controls have fewer opportunities to commit crime (+1 mark) • courts are more likely find some ethnic groups as guilty (1 mark); leading to higher conviction rates (+1 mark) • some ethnic groups are more likely to be materially deprived (1 mark); being poor may increase the likelihood of engaging in utilitarian crime (+1 mark) • higher risk of being a victim of crime for some ethnic groups (1 mark); there is a higher risk of being targeted eg in hate crimes (+1 mark). Other relevant material should be credited. No marks for no relevant points.