NUR 2474||NUR2474 Pharm Exam 2
NCLEX Questions & answers well
defined (latest update) A+!!
A patient is brought to the emergency department with shortness of
breath, a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute, intercostal retractions,
and frothy, pink sputum. The nurse caring for this patient will expect to
administer which drug?
a.Furosemide (Lasix)
b.Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
c.Mannitol (Osmitrol)
d.Spironolactone (Aldactone) (CORRECT ANSWERS) a.Furosemide
(Lasix)
Furosemide, a potent diuretic, is used when rapid or massive
mobilization of fluids is needed. This patient shows severe signs of
congestive heart failure with respiratory distress and pulmonary edema
and needs immediate mobilization of fluid. Hydrochlorothiazide and
spironolactone are not indicated for pulmonary edema, because their
diuretic effects are less rapid. Mannitol is indicated for patients with
increased intracranial pressure and must be discontinued immediately if
signs of pulmonary congestion or heart failure occur.
A patient who is taking digoxin is admitted to the hospital for treatment
of congestive heart failure. The prescriber has ordered furosemide
,(Lasix). The nurse notes an irregular heart rate of 86 beats per minute, a
respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 130/82
mm Hg. The nurse auscultates crackles in both lungs. Which laboratory
value causes the nurse the most concern?
a.Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL
b.Oxygen saturation of 90%
c.Potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L
d.Sodium level of 140 mEq/L (CORRECT ANSWERS) c.Potassium
level of 3.5 mEq/L
This patient has an irregular, rapid heartbeat that might be caused by a
dysrhythmia. This patient's serum potassium level is low, which can
trigger fatal dysrhythmias, especially in patients taking digoxin.
Furosemide contributes to loss of potassium through its effects on the
distal nephron. Potassium-sparing diuretics often are used in conjunction
with furosemide to prevent this complication. This patient's serum
glucose and sodium levels are normal and of no concern at this point,
although they can be affected by furosemide. The oxygen saturation is
somewhat low and needs to be monitored, although it may improve with
diuresis.
A patient has 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremities bilaterally.
Auscultation of the lungs reveals crackles bilaterally, and the serum
potassium level is 6 mEq/L. Which diuretic agent ordered by the
prescriber should the nurse question?
a.Bumetanide (Bumex)
,b.Furosemide (Lasix)
c.Spironolactone (Aldactone)
d.Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) (CORRECT ANSWERS)
c.Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Spironolactone is a non-potassium-wasting diuretic; therefore, if the
patient has a serum potassium level of 6 mEq/L, indicating
hyperkalemia, an order for this drug should be questioned. Bumetanide,
furosemide, and hydrochlorothiazide are potassium-wasting diuretics
and would be appropriate to administer in a patient with hyperkalemia.
A nurse preparing to administer morning medications notes that a patient
with a history of hypertension has been prescribed the angiotensin-
converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (Capoten) concurrently
with spironolactone (Aldactone). Morning laboratory results reveal a
serum sodium level of 144 mg/dL, a serum potassium level of 5.1
mEq/L, and a blood glucose level of 128 mg/dL. Which intervention is
appropriate?
a.Administer the medications as ordered.
b.Ask the patient about the use of salt substitutes.
c.Contact the provider to report the laboratory values.
d.Request an order for furosemide (Lasix). (CORRECT ANSWERS)
c.Contact the provider to report the laboratory values.
Spironolactone should not be administered with ACE inhibitors, which
can also elevate potassium levels. Because the potassium level is
, elevated, the nurse should not administer the medication and should
obtain clarification of the order. There is no need to repeat the potassium
level test that was just done this morning. Requesting an order for
furosemide is appropriate only after the provider has been notified of the
laboratory values.
A patient with hypertension is taking furosemide (Lasix) for congestive
heart failure. The prescriber orders digoxin to help increase cardiac
output. What other medication will the nurse expect to be ordered for
this patient?
a.Bumetanide (Bumex)
b.Chlorothiazide (Diuril)
c.Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
d.Spironolactone (Aldactone) (CORRECT ANSWERS)
d.Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Spironolactone is used in conjunction with furosemide because of its
potassium-sparing effects. Furosemide can contribute to hypokalemia,
which can increase the risk of fatal dysrhythmias, especially with
digoxin administration. The other diuretics listed are all potassium-
wasting diuretics.
A patient is taking gentamicin (Garamycin) and furosemide (Lasix). The
nurse should counsel this patient to report which symptom?
a.Frequent nocturia
NCLEX Questions & answers well
defined (latest update) A+!!
A patient is brought to the emergency department with shortness of
breath, a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute, intercostal retractions,
and frothy, pink sputum. The nurse caring for this patient will expect to
administer which drug?
a.Furosemide (Lasix)
b.Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
c.Mannitol (Osmitrol)
d.Spironolactone (Aldactone) (CORRECT ANSWERS) a.Furosemide
(Lasix)
Furosemide, a potent diuretic, is used when rapid or massive
mobilization of fluids is needed. This patient shows severe signs of
congestive heart failure with respiratory distress and pulmonary edema
and needs immediate mobilization of fluid. Hydrochlorothiazide and
spironolactone are not indicated for pulmonary edema, because their
diuretic effects are less rapid. Mannitol is indicated for patients with
increased intracranial pressure and must be discontinued immediately if
signs of pulmonary congestion or heart failure occur.
A patient who is taking digoxin is admitted to the hospital for treatment
of congestive heart failure. The prescriber has ordered furosemide
,(Lasix). The nurse notes an irregular heart rate of 86 beats per minute, a
respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 130/82
mm Hg. The nurse auscultates crackles in both lungs. Which laboratory
value causes the nurse the most concern?
a.Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL
b.Oxygen saturation of 90%
c.Potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L
d.Sodium level of 140 mEq/L (CORRECT ANSWERS) c.Potassium
level of 3.5 mEq/L
This patient has an irregular, rapid heartbeat that might be caused by a
dysrhythmia. This patient's serum potassium level is low, which can
trigger fatal dysrhythmias, especially in patients taking digoxin.
Furosemide contributes to loss of potassium through its effects on the
distal nephron. Potassium-sparing diuretics often are used in conjunction
with furosemide to prevent this complication. This patient's serum
glucose and sodium levels are normal and of no concern at this point,
although they can be affected by furosemide. The oxygen saturation is
somewhat low and needs to be monitored, although it may improve with
diuresis.
A patient has 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremities bilaterally.
Auscultation of the lungs reveals crackles bilaterally, and the serum
potassium level is 6 mEq/L. Which diuretic agent ordered by the
prescriber should the nurse question?
a.Bumetanide (Bumex)
,b.Furosemide (Lasix)
c.Spironolactone (Aldactone)
d.Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) (CORRECT ANSWERS)
c.Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Spironolactone is a non-potassium-wasting diuretic; therefore, if the
patient has a serum potassium level of 6 mEq/L, indicating
hyperkalemia, an order for this drug should be questioned. Bumetanide,
furosemide, and hydrochlorothiazide are potassium-wasting diuretics
and would be appropriate to administer in a patient with hyperkalemia.
A nurse preparing to administer morning medications notes that a patient
with a history of hypertension has been prescribed the angiotensin-
converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (Capoten) concurrently
with spironolactone (Aldactone). Morning laboratory results reveal a
serum sodium level of 144 mg/dL, a serum potassium level of 5.1
mEq/L, and a blood glucose level of 128 mg/dL. Which intervention is
appropriate?
a.Administer the medications as ordered.
b.Ask the patient about the use of salt substitutes.
c.Contact the provider to report the laboratory values.
d.Request an order for furosemide (Lasix). (CORRECT ANSWERS)
c.Contact the provider to report the laboratory values.
Spironolactone should not be administered with ACE inhibitors, which
can also elevate potassium levels. Because the potassium level is
, elevated, the nurse should not administer the medication and should
obtain clarification of the order. There is no need to repeat the potassium
level test that was just done this morning. Requesting an order for
furosemide is appropriate only after the provider has been notified of the
laboratory values.
A patient with hypertension is taking furosemide (Lasix) for congestive
heart failure. The prescriber orders digoxin to help increase cardiac
output. What other medication will the nurse expect to be ordered for
this patient?
a.Bumetanide (Bumex)
b.Chlorothiazide (Diuril)
c.Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
d.Spironolactone (Aldactone) (CORRECT ANSWERS)
d.Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Spironolactone is used in conjunction with furosemide because of its
potassium-sparing effects. Furosemide can contribute to hypokalemia,
which can increase the risk of fatal dysrhythmias, especially with
digoxin administration. The other diuretics listed are all potassium-
wasting diuretics.
A patient is taking gentamicin (Garamycin) and furosemide (Lasix). The
nurse should counsel this patient to report which symptom?
a.Frequent nocturia
