NUR 514 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2025

Leading cause of Adult blindness End-stage kidney disease Nontraumatic lower limb amputations Major contributing factor Heart disease Stroke Hypertension - ANSWER Diabetes Mellitus The rise in plasma insulin after a meal inhibits ___________________, enhances fat deposition of adipose tissue, and increases protein synthesis. - ANSWER gluconeogenesis glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol - ANSWER counterregulatory hormones (hormones increase blood glucose levels by (1) stimulating glucose production and release by the liver and (2) decreasing the movement of glucose into the cells. The counterregulatory hormones and insulin usually maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range by regulating the release of glucose for energy during food intake and periods of fasting.) True or false: Insulin is necessary for glucose transport in brain, liver, blood cells - ANSWER False! two hormones secreted by cells in the Islet of Langerhans region to stabilize blood sugar levels - ANSWER glucagon and insulin binds to receptors in the liver, stimulating the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose - ANSWER glucagon First line oral drug for DM type 2 reduces glucose production in the liver, increases insulin sensitivity adverse effects: include GI issues (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), anorexia, fatigue, aggitation - ANSWER Metformin dapagliflozin (Farxiga), empagliflozin (Jardiance), canagliflozin (Invokana) - ANSWER SGL-2 Inhibitors Relatively new med for DM type 2 reabsorbs gl