©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/11/2024 1:18PM
Penn Foster Pharmacology Exam Questions
and Revised Answers
Define agonist - Answers✓✓A drug with a high level of affinity and efficacy that binds to a
receptor and causes a specific action.
define contraindication - Answers✓✓a reason not to use a drug in a particular situation, causes
undesirable side effects
define efficacy - Answers✓✓the degree to which a drug produces its desired response.
define over the counter drug - Answers✓✓a drug that may be purchased without a prescription
from a vet
define prescription drug - Answers✓✓a drug that must be prescribed by a vet and taken while
under the supervision of a vet
define receptor - Answers✓✓a molecule located on a cell that binds with drugs or
neurotransmitters to cause an effect
define therapeutic index - Answers✓✓the relationship between a drug's ability to achieve the
desired effect compared to its tendency to produce toxic effects. Expressed as a ration between
the LD and the ED. LD/ED 50% of the time.
define withdrawal time - Answers✓✓the amount of time that must elapse between the end of
drug therapy and the elimination of that drug from the patients tissue or products.
define veterinarian client patient relationship - Answers✓✓the relationship that must exist
between the veterinarians, hris or her patient and the patient's owner before prescription drugs
may be dispensed
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/11/2024 1:18PM
List four sources of drugs used in veterinary medicine - Answers✓✓animal products, plant
products, minerals, and synthetic products
what are four components of a drug regimen - Answers✓✓includes the dose, the route of
administration, the frequency of administration, and the duration of administration
discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship can
be shown to exist. - Answers✓✓1. the vet must assume responsibility for making clinical
judgements in relation to the health of the animal. 2. the vet must have recently seen the animal
and be acquainted with its care and 3. the vet must be available for follow up care of the animal.
discuss the responsibilities of a veterinary technician in the administration of drug orders. -
Answers✓✓carry out orders correctly, read the drug label 3x to ensure that the proper drug is
being adminstered and take care to administer the correct dose by the correct route. be aware of
posibble side effects and monitor patient in a responsible way.
Describe the sequense of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion. -
Answers✓✓a drug is first absorbed or directly placed into the bloodstream. In the blood, the
drug may bind with a plasma protein or exist in the free state. The circulating blood distributes
the drug to the capillary level, where the drug leaves the circulation and enters the interstitial
fluid. The interstitial fluid bathes the cell or bind with surface receptors. The drug then exits the
cell or its surface, moves back to interstitial fluid, reenters circulation and then is metabolized in
the liver and sent to the kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug and discuss the advatages and/or disadvantages
of each. - Answers✓✓1. oral route 2. SQ 3.IM 4. IV 5. IP 6. IA, intraarterial 7. IC, intracardiac
8. IM, intramedullary 9. Inhalation 10. topical 11. intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - Answers✓✓1. method of absorbtion, 2.
the ph of the durg and its ionization status, 3. the absorptive surface area, 4. the blood supply to
the area, 5. the solubility of the drug, 6. the dosage form, 7. the status of the gi tract 8
interactions with other drugs
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/11/2024 1:18PM
Most biotransformation of drugs occurs in where? - Answers✓✓liver
Must durg excretion occurs via? - Answers✓✓kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular - Answers✓✓receptors
The drug name that is chosen by the manufacturer and that is the exclusive property of that
company is called - Answers✓✓proprietary/trade
What are six items that must be on a drug label? - Answers✓✓1.drug names 2.drug
concentration 3.name and address of the manufacturerer 4.controlled substance status
5.manufacturer's control or lot number 6. expiration date
What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval and use of animal
health products? - Answers✓✓FDA, EPA and USDA
Why do many veterinary clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
Answers✓✓profit
Describe the marketing of animal health products - Answers✓✓veterinary pharmaceuticals may
be purchased directly from the manufacturer, from distributors, or from generic mail order
companies. In some instances drugs may be sold under one label to gradute veterinarians and
under another as an over the counter product
All FDA approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication titled - Answers✓✓The Green
Book
What is the purpose of FARAD? - Answers✓✓provides resources concerning the avoidance of
drug residues in animals
11/11/2024 1:18PM
Penn Foster Pharmacology Exam Questions
and Revised Answers
Define agonist - Answers✓✓A drug with a high level of affinity and efficacy that binds to a
receptor and causes a specific action.
define contraindication - Answers✓✓a reason not to use a drug in a particular situation, causes
undesirable side effects
define efficacy - Answers✓✓the degree to which a drug produces its desired response.
define over the counter drug - Answers✓✓a drug that may be purchased without a prescription
from a vet
define prescription drug - Answers✓✓a drug that must be prescribed by a vet and taken while
under the supervision of a vet
define receptor - Answers✓✓a molecule located on a cell that binds with drugs or
neurotransmitters to cause an effect
define therapeutic index - Answers✓✓the relationship between a drug's ability to achieve the
desired effect compared to its tendency to produce toxic effects. Expressed as a ration between
the LD and the ED. LD/ED 50% of the time.
define withdrawal time - Answers✓✓the amount of time that must elapse between the end of
drug therapy and the elimination of that drug from the patients tissue or products.
define veterinarian client patient relationship - Answers✓✓the relationship that must exist
between the veterinarians, hris or her patient and the patient's owner before prescription drugs
may be dispensed
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/11/2024 1:18PM
List four sources of drugs used in veterinary medicine - Answers✓✓animal products, plant
products, minerals, and synthetic products
what are four components of a drug regimen - Answers✓✓includes the dose, the route of
administration, the frequency of administration, and the duration of administration
discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship can
be shown to exist. - Answers✓✓1. the vet must assume responsibility for making clinical
judgements in relation to the health of the animal. 2. the vet must have recently seen the animal
and be acquainted with its care and 3. the vet must be available for follow up care of the animal.
discuss the responsibilities of a veterinary technician in the administration of drug orders. -
Answers✓✓carry out orders correctly, read the drug label 3x to ensure that the proper drug is
being adminstered and take care to administer the correct dose by the correct route. be aware of
posibble side effects and monitor patient in a responsible way.
Describe the sequense of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion. -
Answers✓✓a drug is first absorbed or directly placed into the bloodstream. In the blood, the
drug may bind with a plasma protein or exist in the free state. The circulating blood distributes
the drug to the capillary level, where the drug leaves the circulation and enters the interstitial
fluid. The interstitial fluid bathes the cell or bind with surface receptors. The drug then exits the
cell or its surface, moves back to interstitial fluid, reenters circulation and then is metabolized in
the liver and sent to the kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug and discuss the advatages and/or disadvantages
of each. - Answers✓✓1. oral route 2. SQ 3.IM 4. IV 5. IP 6. IA, intraarterial 7. IC, intracardiac
8. IM, intramedullary 9. Inhalation 10. topical 11. intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - Answers✓✓1. method of absorbtion, 2.
the ph of the durg and its ionization status, 3. the absorptive surface area, 4. the blood supply to
the area, 5. the solubility of the drug, 6. the dosage form, 7. the status of the gi tract 8
interactions with other drugs
, ©Themoon EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/11/2024 1:18PM
Most biotransformation of drugs occurs in where? - Answers✓✓liver
Must durg excretion occurs via? - Answers✓✓kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular - Answers✓✓receptors
The drug name that is chosen by the manufacturer and that is the exclusive property of that
company is called - Answers✓✓proprietary/trade
What are six items that must be on a drug label? - Answers✓✓1.drug names 2.drug
concentration 3.name and address of the manufacturerer 4.controlled substance status
5.manufacturer's control or lot number 6. expiration date
What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval and use of animal
health products? - Answers✓✓FDA, EPA and USDA
Why do many veterinary clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
Answers✓✓profit
Describe the marketing of animal health products - Answers✓✓veterinary pharmaceuticals may
be purchased directly from the manufacturer, from distributors, or from generic mail order
companies. In some instances drugs may be sold under one label to gradute veterinarians and
under another as an over the counter product
All FDA approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication titled - Answers✓✓The Green
Book
What is the purpose of FARAD? - Answers✓✓provides resources concerning the avoidance of
drug residues in animals
