ONC General Practice Exam Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers

ONC General Practice Exam Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers To establish the diagnosis of osteoporosis, a patient's primary care provider orders a DEXA scan (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry). The patient asks the nurse, "How will the test show if I have osteoporosis?" The nurse's response should be based on knowledge that which of the following accurately describes this procedure? a. The patient will be given a radioactive isotope several hours before the scan, and its uptake into the patient's bones will be measured. b. The patient's bone density will be compared to the reference range of healthy young adults. c. The amount of calcium in the patient's bones will be compared to the patient's serum values of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. d. The patient's peak bone mass will be measured by comparing the ratio of cortical to cancellous bone in her distal forearm. - Correct Answer b. The patient's bone density will be compared to the reference range of healthy young adults. Rationale: DEXA compares a patient's bone density in the hip and spine to that of a mean young adult normal reference range (known as the T-score). DEXA is a noninvasive diagnostic that does not require the use of a radioisotope. There are also no associated laboratory studies, and assessment of the distal forearm is not completed as part of DEXA scanning. Reference: Core Curriculum for Orthopaedic Nursing (7th ed.), 2013, p. 96 A patient is newly diagnosed with osteoporosis and risedronate sodium (Actonel®) is prescribed. The nurse should give which of these instructions about the drug to the patient? a. "Take the Actonel at night immediately before you got to bed." b. "Take a multivitamin that contains 400 IU of vitamin D every day to promote absorption of the Actonel." c. "After taking Actonel, remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes." d. "Before taking Actonel, eat a small amount of food to prevent stomach irritation." - Correct Answer c. "After taking Actonel, remain in an upright position for at least 30 minutes." Rationale: Bisphosphonates such as Actonel need to be taken on an empty stomach at least 30 minutes before breakfast, and the patient should remain in an upright position. Reference: Core Curriculum for Orthopaedic Nursing (7th ed.), 2013, p. 380, Table 14-1