RADIATION SAFETY CHAPTERS 1-3
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
ALARA - Answer-As Low As Reasonable Achievable: To keep radiation does at lowest
Possible level
BERT - Answer-Method that compares the amount of radiation received with natural
background radiation received over a given period
TRACE - Answer-Tools for Radiation Awareness and Community Education Program:
Two phases
biologic damage - Answer-primarily by ejecting electrons from atoms composing the
tissues
biologic effects - Answer-Safeguarding against significant and continuing radiation
exposure is based on evidence that is harmful (Damage to living tissue of animals and
humans exposed to radiation)
Genetic damage - Answer-Radiation damage to generation yet unborn
Cellular damage - Answer-abnormal cell function or even entire loss of cell function
- Mutation, Cataracts, Leukemia
Organ damage - Answer-changes in blood count
diagnostic efficacy - Answer-the degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals
the presence or absence of the disease in the patient.
EqD- Equivalent dose - Answer-Quantity used to attempt to numerically specify the
difference in biologic harm that are produced by differences in biologic harm that are
produced by different types of radiation
EfD- Effective dose - Answer-Takes into account the dose for all types of ionizing
radiation to irradiated tissues or organs in the human body; what is exactly what was
exposed (liver, lungs)
Ionizing Radiation - Answer-When passing though matter, producing positively and
negatively charged particles (ions). The from that x-ray are.
Man-mad & artificial radiation - Answer-Created by human beings
- Consumer production
, - Air travel
- Nuclear fuel
- Atmospheric fallout from nuclear weapons testing
- Nuclear power plant accidents & the consequences of natural disasters,
- Medical Radiation
natural background radiation - Answer-Ionizing radiation from environmental sources
occupational and non-occupational doses - Answer-
ORP - Answer-Optimization for radiation protection: To keep radiation does at lowest
Possible level
Radiation - Answer-refers to kinetic energy that passes from one location to another and
can have many manifestations
EqD - Answer-enables the calculation for the effective does (EfD)
Radiation dose - Answer-the amount of energy transferred to electrons by ionizing
radiation;
Radiation protection - Answer-as effective measures employed by radiation workers to
safeguard patients, personnel, and the general public from unnecessary exposure to
ionizing radiation
Electromagnetic spectrum - Answer-The full range of frequencies and wavelength of
electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic radiation - Answer-is high enough frequency, it can transfer sufficient
energy to some orbital electrons to remove them from atoms to which they are attached
Ionization - Answer-An x-ray photon possess enough energy to remove or knock out an
electron from an atom.
Remnant photons - Answer-Photons which pass though the irradiation object and reach
he image receptor
Characteristic Cascade - Answer-The process of each shell filling lower shells with a
corresponding emission of photons
NCRP - Answer-National Council of Radiation Protection
Particulate Raduation - Answer-Alpha & Beta Particles, Neutrons, Protons
Alpha particles - Answer-helium nuclei; not a lot of energy
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
ALARA - Answer-As Low As Reasonable Achievable: To keep radiation does at lowest
Possible level
BERT - Answer-Method that compares the amount of radiation received with natural
background radiation received over a given period
TRACE - Answer-Tools for Radiation Awareness and Community Education Program:
Two phases
biologic damage - Answer-primarily by ejecting electrons from atoms composing the
tissues
biologic effects - Answer-Safeguarding against significant and continuing radiation
exposure is based on evidence that is harmful (Damage to living tissue of animals and
humans exposed to radiation)
Genetic damage - Answer-Radiation damage to generation yet unborn
Cellular damage - Answer-abnormal cell function or even entire loss of cell function
- Mutation, Cataracts, Leukemia
Organ damage - Answer-changes in blood count
diagnostic efficacy - Answer-the degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals
the presence or absence of the disease in the patient.
EqD- Equivalent dose - Answer-Quantity used to attempt to numerically specify the
difference in biologic harm that are produced by differences in biologic harm that are
produced by different types of radiation
EfD- Effective dose - Answer-Takes into account the dose for all types of ionizing
radiation to irradiated tissues or organs in the human body; what is exactly what was
exposed (liver, lungs)
Ionizing Radiation - Answer-When passing though matter, producing positively and
negatively charged particles (ions). The from that x-ray are.
Man-mad & artificial radiation - Answer-Created by human beings
- Consumer production
, - Air travel
- Nuclear fuel
- Atmospheric fallout from nuclear weapons testing
- Nuclear power plant accidents & the consequences of natural disasters,
- Medical Radiation
natural background radiation - Answer-Ionizing radiation from environmental sources
occupational and non-occupational doses - Answer-
ORP - Answer-Optimization for radiation protection: To keep radiation does at lowest
Possible level
Radiation - Answer-refers to kinetic energy that passes from one location to another and
can have many manifestations
EqD - Answer-enables the calculation for the effective does (EfD)
Radiation dose - Answer-the amount of energy transferred to electrons by ionizing
radiation;
Radiation protection - Answer-as effective measures employed by radiation workers to
safeguard patients, personnel, and the general public from unnecessary exposure to
ionizing radiation
Electromagnetic spectrum - Answer-The full range of frequencies and wavelength of
electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic radiation - Answer-is high enough frequency, it can transfer sufficient
energy to some orbital electrons to remove them from atoms to which they are attached
Ionization - Answer-An x-ray photon possess enough energy to remove or knock out an
electron from an atom.
Remnant photons - Answer-Photons which pass though the irradiation object and reach
he image receptor
Characteristic Cascade - Answer-The process of each shell filling lower shells with a
corresponding emission of photons
NCRP - Answer-National Council of Radiation Protection
Particulate Raduation - Answer-Alpha & Beta Particles, Neutrons, Protons
Alpha particles - Answer-helium nuclei; not a lot of energy
