NSG124 / NSG 124 Exam 2 (NEW Update):
Pharmacology | Review with Questions and Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Graded A
Three Classifications of Antimicrobials - ANSWER>>Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral
3 Principle Factors for choosing an Antibiotic - ANSWER>>Identity of Infection, Drug
Sensitivity, and Host Factors
Additive Response - ANSWER>>the antimicrobial effect of the combination is equal to
the sum of the effects of the two drugs alone
Potentiative Interaction - ANSWER>>the effect of the combination is greater than the
sum of the effects of the individual agents.
The most common systemic antifungals - ANSWER>>Amphotericin B and the Azole,
Itraconazole. used to treat a broad spectrum of opportunistic and non-opportunistic
mycoses infections.
Adverse Effects of Itraconazole - ANSWER>>Like other azoles, itraconazole can inhibit
drug-metabolizing enzymes and raise the levels of other drugs. GI reactions.
Antagonism Response - ANSWER>>the combination of two antibiotics may be less
effective than one of the agents by itself.
Appropriate Use of Antibiotics Prophylaxis - ANSWER>>Surgery, Bacterial
Endocarditis, Neutropenia, reoccurring UTIs
Inappropriate Use of Antibiotics Prophylaxis - ANSWER>>Common cold, Bronchitis,
Sore Throat, Sinusitis, Viral Infection, treatment of fever
, Penicillin- Mech. of Action - ANSWER>>weakens the cell wall, causing bacteria to take
up excessive amounts of water and rupture.
Beta-lactamases - ANSWER>>are enzymes that cleave the beta-lactam ring and
thereby render penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics inactive.
Narrow Spectrum Penicillin - Penicillinase sensitive - ANSWER>>Penicillin G
Penicillin V
Narrow Spectrum Penicillin - Penicillinase Resistant - ANSWER>>Nafcillin, Oxacillin,
Dicloxacillin
Broad Spectrum Penicillin - ANSWER>>Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Extended-Spectrum Penicillin - ANSWER>>Piperacillin
Penicillin Allergy - ANSWER>>Because of cross-sensitivity, patients allergic to one
penicillin should be considered allergic to all other penicillins. In addition, a few
patients (about 1%) display cross-sensitivity to cephalosporins.
Penicillin Allergy Reaction - ANSWER>>Observe for 20-30 minutes after
administration. Anaphylaxis (laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe
hypotension).
Nursing Considerations for Penicillin - ANSWER>>Watch for allergic reaction, assess
therapeutic effects (fever reduction, pain, inflammation, etc), monitor kidney function,
monitor for hyperkalemia.
Pharmacology | Review with Questions and Verified Answers |
100% Correct | Graded A
Three Classifications of Antimicrobials - ANSWER>>Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral
3 Principle Factors for choosing an Antibiotic - ANSWER>>Identity of Infection, Drug
Sensitivity, and Host Factors
Additive Response - ANSWER>>the antimicrobial effect of the combination is equal to
the sum of the effects of the two drugs alone
Potentiative Interaction - ANSWER>>the effect of the combination is greater than the
sum of the effects of the individual agents.
The most common systemic antifungals - ANSWER>>Amphotericin B and the Azole,
Itraconazole. used to treat a broad spectrum of opportunistic and non-opportunistic
mycoses infections.
Adverse Effects of Itraconazole - ANSWER>>Like other azoles, itraconazole can inhibit
drug-metabolizing enzymes and raise the levels of other drugs. GI reactions.
Antagonism Response - ANSWER>>the combination of two antibiotics may be less
effective than one of the agents by itself.
Appropriate Use of Antibiotics Prophylaxis - ANSWER>>Surgery, Bacterial
Endocarditis, Neutropenia, reoccurring UTIs
Inappropriate Use of Antibiotics Prophylaxis - ANSWER>>Common cold, Bronchitis,
Sore Throat, Sinusitis, Viral Infection, treatment of fever
, Penicillin- Mech. of Action - ANSWER>>weakens the cell wall, causing bacteria to take
up excessive amounts of water and rupture.
Beta-lactamases - ANSWER>>are enzymes that cleave the beta-lactam ring and
thereby render penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics inactive.
Narrow Spectrum Penicillin - Penicillinase sensitive - ANSWER>>Penicillin G
Penicillin V
Narrow Spectrum Penicillin - Penicillinase Resistant - ANSWER>>Nafcillin, Oxacillin,
Dicloxacillin
Broad Spectrum Penicillin - ANSWER>>Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Extended-Spectrum Penicillin - ANSWER>>Piperacillin
Penicillin Allergy - ANSWER>>Because of cross-sensitivity, patients allergic to one
penicillin should be considered allergic to all other penicillins. In addition, a few
patients (about 1%) display cross-sensitivity to cephalosporins.
Penicillin Allergy Reaction - ANSWER>>Observe for 20-30 minutes after
administration. Anaphylaxis (laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe
hypotension).
Nursing Considerations for Penicillin - ANSWER>>Watch for allergic reaction, assess
therapeutic effects (fever reduction, pain, inflammation, etc), monitor kidney function,
monitor for hyperkalemia.
