BIOL 202 Week 6 Lab 6; Quantitation of Cultured Microorganisms 2024/2025
Microevolution - (answer)change in the frequency of alleles
macroevolution - (answer)large-scale changes that result in selection or extinction of species
Homology - (answer)structures that demonstrate evolutionarily close relationships
Phylogeny - (answer)evolutionary relationships among species determined from homologous traits
Systematics - (answer)science of organizing the history of animal organism evolution
taxonomy - (answer)assigning scientific names according to specific rules
Asymmetry - (answer)lack of symmetry
radial symmetry - (answer)one axis of orientation
biradial symmetry - (answer)can only fold one way
pentaradial symmetry - (answer)can fold many ways
bilateral symmetry - (answer)two axes of orientation
unicellular - (answer)single-celled aggregates (protists)
diploblastic organisms - (answer)cells devised into tissues and two embryonic cell laters (tissues have to
work together)
triploblastic organisms - (answer)three embryonic cell layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)
,coelom - (answer)body cavity entirely surrounded by mesoderm
Acoelomate - (answer)has no cavity
Pseudocoelomate - (answer)Cavity not fully surrounded by mesoderm
deuterstomes - (answer)radial cleavage, blastosphere develops into anus, no trochophore larva
protosomes - (answer)spiral cleavage, blastosphereinto mouth, trochophore larva
Three domains of life - (answer)Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Protists - (answer)A eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus.
Pellicle - (answer)A firm, flexible coating outside the plasma membrane
contractile vacuole - (answer)The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then
expels it from the cell
cytopharynx - (answer)tubular invagination lined with cilia where food enters and food vacuoles form
binary fission - (answer)A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell
divides into two cells of the same size
Schizogony - (answer)asexual reproduction by multiple fission
Budding - (answer)a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent
Excavata - (answer)the eukaryotic supergroup that contains flagellated single-celled organisms with a
feeding groove
, Amoebozoans - (answer)A member of a clade of protists that includes amoebas and slime molds and is
characterized by lobe-shaped pseudopodia.
Rhizaria - (answer)the eukaryotic supergroup that contains organisms that move by amoeboid movement
Alveolata - (answer)A eukaryotic superkingdom, defined by the presence of cortical alveoli, small
vesicles that, in some species, store calcium ions.
Malaria life cycle - (answer)◊ Life Cycle
• Transmitted via mosquitoes
- In sporozoite form inside bugs
- Delivered into blood stream when bitten
• Travel to the liver and begin their infection there
- May become dormant
- May reinfect the liver after spreading throughout the body
• Hypnozoites are then released into the blood stream
◊ They then attack the red blood cells
• Schizonts then accumulate in the RBC until it bursts
◊ When the schizonts and merozoites are released, the immune reaction begins
• Travel throughout the body and infect other RBCs and replicate in there
Microevolution - (answer)change in the frequency of alleles
macroevolution - (answer)large-scale changes that result in selection or extinction of species
Homology - (answer)structures that demonstrate evolutionarily close relationships
Phylogeny - (answer)evolutionary relationships among species determined from homologous traits
Systematics - (answer)science of organizing the history of animal organism evolution
taxonomy - (answer)assigning scientific names according to specific rules
Asymmetry - (answer)lack of symmetry
radial symmetry - (answer)one axis of orientation
biradial symmetry - (answer)can only fold one way
pentaradial symmetry - (answer)can fold many ways
bilateral symmetry - (answer)two axes of orientation
unicellular - (answer)single-celled aggregates (protists)
diploblastic organisms - (answer)cells devised into tissues and two embryonic cell laters (tissues have to
work together)
triploblastic organisms - (answer)three embryonic cell layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)
,coelom - (answer)body cavity entirely surrounded by mesoderm
Acoelomate - (answer)has no cavity
Pseudocoelomate - (answer)Cavity not fully surrounded by mesoderm
deuterstomes - (answer)radial cleavage, blastosphere develops into anus, no trochophore larva
protosomes - (answer)spiral cleavage, blastosphereinto mouth, trochophore larva
Three domains of life - (answer)Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Protists - (answer)A eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus.
Pellicle - (answer)A firm, flexible coating outside the plasma membrane
contractile vacuole - (answer)The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then
expels it from the cell
cytopharynx - (answer)tubular invagination lined with cilia where food enters and food vacuoles form
binary fission - (answer)A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell
divides into two cells of the same size
Schizogony - (answer)asexual reproduction by multiple fission
Budding - (answer)a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent
Excavata - (answer)the eukaryotic supergroup that contains flagellated single-celled organisms with a
feeding groove
, Amoebozoans - (answer)A member of a clade of protists that includes amoebas and slime molds and is
characterized by lobe-shaped pseudopodia.
Rhizaria - (answer)the eukaryotic supergroup that contains organisms that move by amoeboid movement
Alveolata - (answer)A eukaryotic superkingdom, defined by the presence of cortical alveoli, small
vesicles that, in some species, store calcium ions.
Malaria life cycle - (answer)◊ Life Cycle
• Transmitted via mosquitoes
- In sporozoite form inside bugs
- Delivered into blood stream when bitten
• Travel to the liver and begin their infection there
- May become dormant
- May reinfect the liver after spreading throughout the body
• Hypnozoites are then released into the blood stream
◊ They then attack the red blood cells
• Schizonts then accumulate in the RBC until it bursts
◊ When the schizonts and merozoites are released, the immune reaction begins
• Travel throughout the body and infect other RBCs and replicate in there
