PUBH 6002 Final exam with correct
answers
Probability and Descriptive Statistics - ANSWER -Lecture 1
Event - ANSWER -Any result or outcome of interest.
- Occur OR not occur
Frequency - ANSWER -Number of times an event occurs.
Observations - ANSWER -Number of times it is possible for an event to occur.
Probability - ANSWER -Measure of the likelihood that a given event will occur.
- Mathematical expression of how many times an event occurs compared to the
number of times it is possible for it to occur.
- Ratio of frequency to observations.
- Expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
Notation: Probability - ANSWER -A = number of times event A occurs (frequency)
N = total number of times it is possible for event A to occur (observations)
P(A) = probability of event A occurring
A is a subset of N, so 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1 for any event A.
Union - ANSWER -Probability A or B or both occur
, P(A U B) = P(A or B)
Intersection - ANSWER -Probability both A and B occur together.
P(A ∩ B) = P(A and B)
Mutually Exclusive Events - ANSWER -Two events are mutually exclusive if they
cannot occur at the same time.
P(A ∩ B) = P(A and B) = 0
Not Mutually Exclusive Events - ANSWER -Two events are not mutually exclusive if
they can occur at the same time.
P(A ∩ B) = P(A and B) ≠ 0
Addition Rule for mutually exclusive events - ANSWER -(Slide 1.20)
P(A ∩ B) = P(Aand B) = 0
P(A U B) = P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
(A+B)/N = A/N + B/N
Collectively Exhaustive - ANSWER -A set of events A 1 , 2 , k is collectively
exhaustive if at least one of the events must occur.
- A 1 U A 2 ... A k = S (sample space)
- together they contain all of the outcomes in the sample space
Complementary Events - ANSWER -Two events are complementary if they are: P(A
∩ Ā) = 0
answers
Probability and Descriptive Statistics - ANSWER -Lecture 1
Event - ANSWER -Any result or outcome of interest.
- Occur OR not occur
Frequency - ANSWER -Number of times an event occurs.
Observations - ANSWER -Number of times it is possible for an event to occur.
Probability - ANSWER -Measure of the likelihood that a given event will occur.
- Mathematical expression of how many times an event occurs compared to the
number of times it is possible for it to occur.
- Ratio of frequency to observations.
- Expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
Notation: Probability - ANSWER -A = number of times event A occurs (frequency)
N = total number of times it is possible for event A to occur (observations)
P(A) = probability of event A occurring
A is a subset of N, so 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1 for any event A.
Union - ANSWER -Probability A or B or both occur
, P(A U B) = P(A or B)
Intersection - ANSWER -Probability both A and B occur together.
P(A ∩ B) = P(A and B)
Mutually Exclusive Events - ANSWER -Two events are mutually exclusive if they
cannot occur at the same time.
P(A ∩ B) = P(A and B) = 0
Not Mutually Exclusive Events - ANSWER -Two events are not mutually exclusive if
they can occur at the same time.
P(A ∩ B) = P(A and B) ≠ 0
Addition Rule for mutually exclusive events - ANSWER -(Slide 1.20)
P(A ∩ B) = P(Aand B) = 0
P(A U B) = P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
(A+B)/N = A/N + B/N
Collectively Exhaustive - ANSWER -A set of events A 1 , 2 , k is collectively
exhaustive if at least one of the events must occur.
- A 1 U A 2 ... A k = S (sample space)
- together they contain all of the outcomes in the sample space
Complementary Events - ANSWER -Two events are complementary if they are: P(A
∩ Ā) = 0
