SDOH FINAL EXAM 2024-2025
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED
A+
What are the 5 social determinants of health from healthy people 2030
- educa9on access and quality
- healthcare and quality
- neighborhood and built environment
- social and community context
- economic stability
What are upstream determinants and what is an example
- upstream determinants are those that occur at the macro level and include
global forces and government policies
- ex: policies and programs, social inequi9es
What are midstream determinants and what is an example
- midstream determinants are intermediate factors such as health behaviors
- ex: physical environment, behavior
What are downstream determinants and what is an example
- downstream determinants occur at the micro level and include one's gene9cs
- ex: disease and injury, mortality
What is the difference between health inequality and health inequity
- health inequality: differences in the health of individuals or groups
- health inequity: a health inequality that denotes an unjust difference in
health, systema9c differences in health that could be avoided by reasonable
means, unfair distribu9on of health risks and resources
,What is collinearity
Which variable is actually crea9ng the most impact?
What is the difference between contextual and composi9onal effects?
- contextual effect: refers to the influence a neighborhood or other type of unit
has on people, resources in the neighborhood
- composi9onal effect: reflec9ve of the characteris9cs of individuals that
comprise the neighborhood, people in the neighborhood
What is preston's curve and what does it indicate
- cross sec9onal analysis between life expectancy and real per capita income
- indicates that individuals born in richer countries on average can expect to
live longer than those born in poorer countries
What was wilkinson's theore9cal synthesis
- income distribu9on is a marker of how unequal a society is
- income inequality measures the differences in social standing or social status
- those in lower income brackets will suffer from stress, envy, inferiority, and
lack of self-esteem
- those with higher incomes have access to educa9on, beHer housing, health
care, and employment
How does the u.s. compare to other countries in investments in social services
Distribu9on of benefits of public programs is most progressive in australia and
least progressive in the us
What is the gini coefficient and what do the values represent
- the most commonly used measure of income equality
- 0------->1
- 0: income is perfectly distributed throughout the popula9on
- 1: complete inequality, one person has all the income and everyone else has
none
, What are the different ranges of food security
- high food security: no reported indica9ons of food access problems or
limita9ons
- marginal food security: one or two reported indica9ons
What are the different ranges of food insecurity
Low food security: reports of reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet,
liHle or no indica9on of reduced food intake
- very low food security: reports of mul9ple indica9on of disrupted ea9ng
paHerns and reduced food intake
What was the household food security report of 2019
- usda's food and nutri9on assistance programs increase food security by
providing low-income households access to food for a healthful diet and
nutri9on educa9on
What are the summary of findings from the household food security report of
2019
- food secure: 89.5%
- food insecure: 10.5%
- very low food security: 4.1%
- food insecurity in children: 6.5%
- episodes of food insecurity are recurrent not chronic
- about 1/4 of us households with very low food security at any 9me during the
year experienced the associated condi9ons rarely or occasionally
- for 3/4 of households, the condi9ons were recurrent, experienced in 3 or
more months of the year
What were some addi9onal findings from the household food security report
of 2019
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED
A+
What are the 5 social determinants of health from healthy people 2030
- educa9on access and quality
- healthcare and quality
- neighborhood and built environment
- social and community context
- economic stability
What are upstream determinants and what is an example
- upstream determinants are those that occur at the macro level and include
global forces and government policies
- ex: policies and programs, social inequi9es
What are midstream determinants and what is an example
- midstream determinants are intermediate factors such as health behaviors
- ex: physical environment, behavior
What are downstream determinants and what is an example
- downstream determinants occur at the micro level and include one's gene9cs
- ex: disease and injury, mortality
What is the difference between health inequality and health inequity
- health inequality: differences in the health of individuals or groups
- health inequity: a health inequality that denotes an unjust difference in
health, systema9c differences in health that could be avoided by reasonable
means, unfair distribu9on of health risks and resources
,What is collinearity
Which variable is actually crea9ng the most impact?
What is the difference between contextual and composi9onal effects?
- contextual effect: refers to the influence a neighborhood or other type of unit
has on people, resources in the neighborhood
- composi9onal effect: reflec9ve of the characteris9cs of individuals that
comprise the neighborhood, people in the neighborhood
What is preston's curve and what does it indicate
- cross sec9onal analysis between life expectancy and real per capita income
- indicates that individuals born in richer countries on average can expect to
live longer than those born in poorer countries
What was wilkinson's theore9cal synthesis
- income distribu9on is a marker of how unequal a society is
- income inequality measures the differences in social standing or social status
- those in lower income brackets will suffer from stress, envy, inferiority, and
lack of self-esteem
- those with higher incomes have access to educa9on, beHer housing, health
care, and employment
How does the u.s. compare to other countries in investments in social services
Distribu9on of benefits of public programs is most progressive in australia and
least progressive in the us
What is the gini coefficient and what do the values represent
- the most commonly used measure of income equality
- 0------->1
- 0: income is perfectly distributed throughout the popula9on
- 1: complete inequality, one person has all the income and everyone else has
none
, What are the different ranges of food security
- high food security: no reported indica9ons of food access problems or
limita9ons
- marginal food security: one or two reported indica9ons
What are the different ranges of food insecurity
Low food security: reports of reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet,
liHle or no indica9on of reduced food intake
- very low food security: reports of mul9ple indica9on of disrupted ea9ng
paHerns and reduced food intake
What was the household food security report of 2019
- usda's food and nutri9on assistance programs increase food security by
providing low-income households access to food for a healthful diet and
nutri9on educa9on
What are the summary of findings from the household food security report of
2019
- food secure: 89.5%
- food insecure: 10.5%
- very low food security: 4.1%
- food insecurity in children: 6.5%
- episodes of food insecurity are recurrent not chronic
- about 1/4 of us households with very low food security at any 9me during the
year experienced the associated condi9ons rarely or occasionally
- for 3/4 of households, the condi9ons were recurrent, experienced in 3 or
more months of the year
What were some addi9onal findings from the household food security report
of 2019
