©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
BMS 108 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update
Functions of the lymphatic system - ✔✔collect and transport ISF
restore blood volume
maintain volume and Bp relationships in the ISF
filter lymph
produce and store WBC
absorb lipids and fat in intestines
Lymphatic Structures - ✔✔1. Lymphatic Capillaries
2. Lymphatic Vessels
3. Lymph Nodes
4. Lymph Ducts
Lymphatic Capillaries - ✔✔units of collection
-simple diffusion using a concentration gradient
simple squamous epithelium
-"blind tubes" non continuous
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
what is one exception in body with no basement membrane? -
✔✔Lymphatic Capillaries
Lymph Vessels - ✔✔larger thicker vessels with continuous walls
-valves made from endothelial folds
Afferent and Efferent Lymphatics - ✔✔depends on nodes
Lymph Nodes - ✔✔Occur in chains or groups
functions: produce agranulocytes, filtration, macrophage activity
Lymph Ducts - ✔✔Right Lymph duct and thoracic duct
Right lymphatic duct drains - ✔✔Right arm
Right face and head
Right thorax
Thoracic Duct drains - ✔✔everything else
duct pathway - ✔✔subclavian veins--> brachiocephalic veins--> SVC--> R
atrium--> general circulation
Distribution of fluids is a result of two opposing forces - ✔✔HP-pushing
pressure, pushes out of blood and into ISF
OP
Edema - ✔✔excess ISF
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-solved by a lymph capillary picking up excess fluid and returning it to the
heart
Three Causes for Edema - ✔✔1. reduced osmotic pressure
2. Increased HP
3. structural problem
Ascites - ✔✔alchoholics
-fluid buildup in the peritoneal cavity
-excess HP
Immune System Functions - ✔✔defend against pathogens
-remove cellular debris
-identify and destroy mutant cells
Immune Response - ✔✔chemical warfare
-recognize the difference between self and non self
self antigen - ✔✔unique set of markers
Antigen - ✔✔any molecule that potentially produces an immune response
Antibody - ✔✔protein that is produced by specific lymphocytes
Foreign Antigen - ✔✔recognition of non self introduced from outside body
First Layer of Defense - ✔✔non adaptive, easily breached
physical and chemical barriers
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-Skin
-Mucous membranes
-Resident bacteria
Skin - ✔✔Sebum-->lactic acid and fatty acid
Sweat--> water and nacl
Cerumen--> earwax
Mucous Membranes - ✔✔line structures that are open to the outise
-physical barrier
Lysozymes - ✔✔enzymes in mucous tears and spit that eat bacteria walls
Gastric Juices - ✔✔HCl and Peptin
Resident Bacteria - ✔✔E coli--> good in gut
Lactobacillus - ✔✔in woman's vaginal canal
second layer of response - ✔✔non adaptive
1. Inflammatory response
2. Complement System
3. Interferon
1. Inflammatory Response Mediators - ✔✔redness
swelling
heat
BMS 108 Final Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update
Functions of the lymphatic system - ✔✔collect and transport ISF
restore blood volume
maintain volume and Bp relationships in the ISF
filter lymph
produce and store WBC
absorb lipids and fat in intestines
Lymphatic Structures - ✔✔1. Lymphatic Capillaries
2. Lymphatic Vessels
3. Lymph Nodes
4. Lymph Ducts
Lymphatic Capillaries - ✔✔units of collection
-simple diffusion using a concentration gradient
simple squamous epithelium
-"blind tubes" non continuous
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
what is one exception in body with no basement membrane? -
✔✔Lymphatic Capillaries
Lymph Vessels - ✔✔larger thicker vessels with continuous walls
-valves made from endothelial folds
Afferent and Efferent Lymphatics - ✔✔depends on nodes
Lymph Nodes - ✔✔Occur in chains or groups
functions: produce agranulocytes, filtration, macrophage activity
Lymph Ducts - ✔✔Right Lymph duct and thoracic duct
Right lymphatic duct drains - ✔✔Right arm
Right face and head
Right thorax
Thoracic Duct drains - ✔✔everything else
duct pathway - ✔✔subclavian veins--> brachiocephalic veins--> SVC--> R
atrium--> general circulation
Distribution of fluids is a result of two opposing forces - ✔✔HP-pushing
pressure, pushes out of blood and into ISF
OP
Edema - ✔✔excess ISF
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-solved by a lymph capillary picking up excess fluid and returning it to the
heart
Three Causes for Edema - ✔✔1. reduced osmotic pressure
2. Increased HP
3. structural problem
Ascites - ✔✔alchoholics
-fluid buildup in the peritoneal cavity
-excess HP
Immune System Functions - ✔✔defend against pathogens
-remove cellular debris
-identify and destroy mutant cells
Immune Response - ✔✔chemical warfare
-recognize the difference between self and non self
self antigen - ✔✔unique set of markers
Antigen - ✔✔any molecule that potentially produces an immune response
Antibody - ✔✔protein that is produced by specific lymphocytes
Foreign Antigen - ✔✔recognition of non self introduced from outside body
First Layer of Defense - ✔✔non adaptive, easily breached
physical and chemical barriers
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-Skin
-Mucous membranes
-Resident bacteria
Skin - ✔✔Sebum-->lactic acid and fatty acid
Sweat--> water and nacl
Cerumen--> earwax
Mucous Membranes - ✔✔line structures that are open to the outise
-physical barrier
Lysozymes - ✔✔enzymes in mucous tears and spit that eat bacteria walls
Gastric Juices - ✔✔HCl and Peptin
Resident Bacteria - ✔✔E coli--> good in gut
Lactobacillus - ✔✔in woman's vaginal canal
second layer of response - ✔✔non adaptive
1. Inflammatory response
2. Complement System
3. Interferon
1. Inflammatory Response Mediators - ✔✔redness
swelling
heat
