,GordisiEpidemiologyi6thiEditioniCelentanoiTestiBank
Chapteri01:iIntroduction
Celentano:iGordisiEpidemiology,i6thiEditioni
TestiBank
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Whichiofitheifollowingiisianiexampleiofitertiaryiprevention?
a. Vaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreni youngerithanitheiageiofi1iyear
b. Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)
c. Screeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iweeksiofipregnancy
d. Sexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools
e. Increasingitaxesiforibuyingicigarettesi
ANS:iB
Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)iisianiexampleiiniwhichiw
heniaidiseaseiisipresentitheitreatmenti(amputation)iisidoneitoireduceitheiimpactiofidiseaseibyipre
ventingitheitumorifromidissemination.iVaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreniyoungerithanitheia
geiofi1iyear,isexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools,iandiincreasingitaxesiforibuyingici
garettesirepresentiexamplesiofiprimaryiprevention.iScreeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iw
eeksiofipregnancyiisianiexampleiofisecondaryiprevention.
2. Thisihistoricicharacteriobservedwasimoreicommoniamongiwomenitreatedibyiphysiciansia
ndimedicalistudentsicomparediwithiwomenitreatedibyimidwives.iBasedionihisiobservations
,iheiimplementediaihandiwashipolicyithatiresultediiniadecreaseiinimortality.
Nameitheicharacterithatiweiareitalkingiabout.
a. JohniSnow
b. EdwardiJenner
c. D.A.iHenderson
d. LeoniGordis
e. IgnaziSemmelweis
iANS:iE
IgnaziSemmelweisiidentifiedithatimedicalistudentsiandiphysiciansitransmitteditheidiseaseibyino
tiwashingitheirihandsiafteriexaminingibodiesiatiautopsiesiandiconductingimultipleiexamination
siinitheiclinic.
3. ThanksitoitheicontributionsiofiEdwardiJenner,itheifollowingidiseaseiwasieradicatedilaterib
yieffortsiorganizedibyiD.A.iHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
f. ANS:iB
,Smallpoxiwasieradicatediini1980.iEdwardiJennerivaccinatediJamesiPhippsiini1796iagainstis
mallpox.iAlmosti200iyearsilater,itheiWorldiHealthiOrganizationi(WHO)icommissioned
D.A.iHendersonitoileaditheieffortsitoieradicateitheidisease.
4. Overitheipasticentury,iaimarkedideclineiinitheimortalityiratesiofimanyiinfectiousidiseasesiha
sibeeniobserved.iWhichiofitheifollowingiisitheimostilikelyireasoniforitheiobservedideclineiinim
ortalityiratesifromicommoniinfectiousidiseases?
a. Developmentiofipenicillin
b. Developmentiofiinsulin
c. Developmentiofivaccines
d. Improvementiinisocialiconditions
e. Worseisanitationiandiunsafeiwateri
ANS:iD
Althoughimedicalitreatmentsipotentiallyihelpediinitheidecreaseiofiinfectiousidiseases,itheiad
vancementiinisocialiconditionsiplayediaimajorirole.iTheseiimprovementsiincludeibetterisanit
ation,isafeidisposaliofiwaste,ibetterinutrition,iandiimprovementiinihousingiconditions.
, Chapteri02:iTheiDynamicsiofiDiseaseiTransmission
Celentano:iGordisiEpidemiology,i6thiEditioniMULTIPL
EiCHOICE
1. Whichitermimostiaccuratelyidescribesitheifollowingidefinition?i“Theioccurrenceiiniaicom
munityioriregionioficasesiofianiillness,ispecificihealth-relatedibehavior,ioriotherihealth-
irelatedieventsiclearlyiiniexcessiofinormaliexpectancy.”i[PortaiM,ied.iAiDictionaryiof
Epidemiology.iNewiYork:iOxfordiUniversityiPress;i2014.]
a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attackirate
e. Incubationiperiod
iANS:iB
Aniepidemiciisitheioccurrenceiofihealth-
relatedieventsiiniaicommunityioriregion,iinicleariexcessiofinormaliexpectation.iEndemiciisinotit
rueibecauseiitiisidefinediasitheiconstantioccurrenceiofiaidisease,idisorder,iorinoxiousiinfectious
iagentiiniaigeographiciareaior
populationigroup.iPandemiciisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinediasianiepidemicioccurringioveriaiver
yiwideiarea,icrossingiinternationUalibN
SoiRuiI
nNdiGaiB.C
rTi e s , iandOusuallyiaffectingiailargeinumberiof
people.iAttackirateiisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinediasinumberiofipeopleiatiriskiiniwhomiaicertai
niillnessidevelopsioveritotalinumberiofipeopleiatirisk.iIncubationiperiodiisinotitrueibecauseiitiisi
theiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirecogni
zableisymptoms).
2. Whatiisitheimostiaccurateidefinitioniofitheiincubationiperiodi(ofianiinfectiousidisease)?
a. Theitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms
b. Theiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofire
cognizableisymptoms)
c. Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent
d. Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofitheiagent
e. Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousnessi
ANS:iB
Theiincubationiperiodiisidefinediasitheiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetiofi
clinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms);iiniotheriwords,itheitimeibetweenitheimo
mentiofidevelopingisymptomsianditheimomentiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent.i“Theitimeiof
ionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi
“timeiofionset.”i“Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi“ti
meiofiinfection.”i“Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofith
eiagent”iandi“Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousness”iareinotitrueiasithey
icorresponditoitheilatentiperiod.i(Theilatentiperiodiis
Chapteri01:iIntroduction
Celentano:iGordisiEpidemiology,i6thiEditioni
TestiBank
MULTIPLEiCHOICE
1. Whichiofitheifollowingiisianiexampleiofitertiaryiprevention?
a. Vaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreni youngerithanitheiageiofi1iyear
b. Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)
c. Screeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iweeksiofipregnancy
d. Sexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools
e. Increasingitaxesiforibuyingicigarettesi
ANS:iB
Surgicaliamputationiofianiextremityiwithiosteosarcomai(boneicancer)iisianiexampleiiniwhichiw
heniaidiseaseiisipresentitheitreatmenti(amputation)iisidoneitoireduceitheiimpactiofidiseaseibyipre
ventingitheitumorifromidissemination.iVaccinationiforirotavirusiforichildreniyoungerithanitheia
geiofi1iyear,isexualieducationiprogramiinielementaryischools,iandiincreasingitaxesiforibuyingici
garettesirepresentiexamplesiofiprimaryiprevention.iScreeningiforigestationalidiabetesiafteri24iw
eeksiofipregnancyiisianiexampleiofisecondaryiprevention.
2. Thisihistoricicharacteriobservedwasimoreicommoniamongiwomenitreatedibyiphysiciansia
ndimedicalistudentsicomparediwithiwomenitreatedibyimidwives.iBasedionihisiobservations
,iheiimplementediaihandiwashipolicyithatiresultediiniadecreaseiinimortality.
Nameitheicharacterithatiweiareitalkingiabout.
a. JohniSnow
b. EdwardiJenner
c. D.A.iHenderson
d. LeoniGordis
e. IgnaziSemmelweis
iANS:iE
IgnaziSemmelweisiidentifiedithatimedicalistudentsiandiphysiciansitransmitteditheidiseaseibyino
tiwashingitheirihandsiafteriexaminingibodiesiatiautopsiesiandiconductingimultipleiexamination
siinitheiclinic.
3. ThanksitoitheicontributionsiofiEdwardiJenner,itheifollowingidiseaseiwasieradicatedilaterib
yieffortsiorganizedibyiD.A.iHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
f. ANS:iB
,Smallpoxiwasieradicatediini1980.iEdwardiJennerivaccinatediJamesiPhippsiini1796iagainstis
mallpox.iAlmosti200iyearsilater,itheiWorldiHealthiOrganizationi(WHO)icommissioned
D.A.iHendersonitoileaditheieffortsitoieradicateitheidisease.
4. Overitheipasticentury,iaimarkedideclineiinitheimortalityiratesiofimanyiinfectiousidiseasesiha
sibeeniobserved.iWhichiofitheifollowingiisitheimostilikelyireasoniforitheiobservedideclineiinim
ortalityiratesifromicommoniinfectiousidiseases?
a. Developmentiofipenicillin
b. Developmentiofiinsulin
c. Developmentiofivaccines
d. Improvementiinisocialiconditions
e. Worseisanitationiandiunsafeiwateri
ANS:iD
Althoughimedicalitreatmentsipotentiallyihelpediinitheidecreaseiofiinfectiousidiseases,itheiad
vancementiinisocialiconditionsiplayediaimajorirole.iTheseiimprovementsiincludeibetterisanit
ation,isafeidisposaliofiwaste,ibetterinutrition,iandiimprovementiinihousingiconditions.
, Chapteri02:iTheiDynamicsiofiDiseaseiTransmission
Celentano:iGordisiEpidemiology,i6thiEditioniMULTIPL
EiCHOICE
1. Whichitermimostiaccuratelyidescribesitheifollowingidefinition?i“Theioccurrenceiiniaicom
munityioriregionioficasesiofianiillness,ispecificihealth-relatedibehavior,ioriotherihealth-
irelatedieventsiclearlyiiniexcessiofinormaliexpectancy.”i[PortaiM,ied.iAiDictionaryiof
Epidemiology.iNewiYork:iOxfordiUniversityiPress;i2014.]
a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attackirate
e. Incubationiperiod
iANS:iB
Aniepidemiciisitheioccurrenceiofihealth-
relatedieventsiiniaicommunityioriregion,iinicleariexcessiofinormaliexpectation.iEndemiciisinotit
rueibecauseiitiisidefinediasitheiconstantioccurrenceiofiaidisease,idisorder,iorinoxiousiinfectious
iagentiiniaigeographiciareaior
populationigroup.iPandemiciisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinediasianiepidemicioccurringioveriaiver
yiwideiarea,icrossingiinternationUalibN
SoiRuiI
nNdiGaiB.C
rTi e s , iandOusuallyiaffectingiailargeinumberiof
people.iAttackirateiisinotitrueibecauseiitiisidefinediasinumberiofipeopleiatiriskiiniwhomiaicertai
niillnessidevelopsioveritotalinumberiofipeopleiatirisk.iIncubationiperiodiisinotitrueibecauseiitiisi
theiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirecogni
zableisymptoms).
2. Whatiisitheimostiaccurateidefinitioniofitheiincubationiperiodi(ofianiinfectiousidisease)?
a. Theitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms
b. Theiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetioficlinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofire
cognizableisymptoms)
c. Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent
d. Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofitheiagent
e. Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousnessi
ANS:iB
Theiincubationiperiodiisidefinediasitheiintervalifromireceiptiofiinfectionitoitheitimeiofionsetiofi
clinicaliillnessi(theionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms);iiniotheriwords,itheitimeibetweenitheimo
mentiofidevelopingisymptomsianditheimomentiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent.i“Theitimeiof
ionsetioficlinicaliillnessioritheionsetiofirecognizableisymptoms”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi
“timeiofionset.”i“Theitimeiofiinvasionibyianiinfectiousiagent”iisinotitrueiasiiticorrespondsitoi“ti
meiofiinfection.”i“Theitimeibetweeniinitiationiofiinfectioniandifirstisheddingioriexcretioniofith
eiagent”iandi“Theiperiodibetweeniexposureianditheionsetiofiinfectiousness”iareinotitrueiasithey
icorresponditoitheilatentiperiod.i(Theilatentiperiodiis
