Biostatistics Final Exam questions well
answered to pass
Sampling error - correct answer ✔✔chance difference between an estimate and the population
parameter being estimated
Bias - correct answer ✔✔systematic discrepancy between estimates and the true population
characteristic
Random sample - correct answer ✔✔each member of a population has an equal and independent
chance of being selected
categorical data - correct answer ✔✔named characteristics of individuals that do not have magnitude on
a numerical scale
numerical - correct answer ✔✔quantitative measurements that have magnitude on a numerical scale
nominal categorical - correct answer ✔✔no order
ordinal categorical - correct answer ✔✔have order
Percentile - correct answer ✔✔specifies the percentage of observations less than or equal to it; the
remaining observations exceed it
contingency table - correct answer ✔✔gives the frequency of occurrence of all combinations of two or
more categorical variables
sample mean - correct answer ✔✔average of the measurements in the sample, the sum of all the
observations divided by number of observations
, standard deviation - correct answer ✔✔commonly used measure of the spread of a distribution;
measures how far from the mean the observations typically are
standard deviation - correct answer ✔✔measures how far from the mean the observations typically are
variance - correct answer ✔✔measure of spread; standard deviation is the square root of the variance
IQR - correct answer ✔✔3rd quartile- 1st quartile
A box plot is especially useful when comparing - correct answer ✔✔more than one distribution
The ______ (mean or median) is the middle measurement of a distribution. - correct answer ✔✔median
The______ (mean or median) is the center of gravity - correct answer ✔✔mean
The ______ (standard deviation or IQR) is a better indicator of the spread of the main part of a
distribution than the standard deviation when the data are strongly skewed to one side or the other,
especially when there are extreme observations - correct answer ✔✔Interquartile range
The ______ (std or IQR) is a better indication of the spread among all of the data points - correct answer
✔✔standard deviation
Mutually Exclusive - correct answer ✔✔when two events are not simultaneously possible; Pr[A and B]=0
probability distribution - correct answer ✔✔a list of the probabilities of all mutually exclusive outcomes
of a random trial
Addition rule of probability for mutually exclusive events - correct answer ✔✔If two events A and B are
mutually exclusive, then
Pr[A or B]= Pr[A] + Pr[B]
answered to pass
Sampling error - correct answer ✔✔chance difference between an estimate and the population
parameter being estimated
Bias - correct answer ✔✔systematic discrepancy between estimates and the true population
characteristic
Random sample - correct answer ✔✔each member of a population has an equal and independent
chance of being selected
categorical data - correct answer ✔✔named characteristics of individuals that do not have magnitude on
a numerical scale
numerical - correct answer ✔✔quantitative measurements that have magnitude on a numerical scale
nominal categorical - correct answer ✔✔no order
ordinal categorical - correct answer ✔✔have order
Percentile - correct answer ✔✔specifies the percentage of observations less than or equal to it; the
remaining observations exceed it
contingency table - correct answer ✔✔gives the frequency of occurrence of all combinations of two or
more categorical variables
sample mean - correct answer ✔✔average of the measurements in the sample, the sum of all the
observations divided by number of observations
, standard deviation - correct answer ✔✔commonly used measure of the spread of a distribution;
measures how far from the mean the observations typically are
standard deviation - correct answer ✔✔measures how far from the mean the observations typically are
variance - correct answer ✔✔measure of spread; standard deviation is the square root of the variance
IQR - correct answer ✔✔3rd quartile- 1st quartile
A box plot is especially useful when comparing - correct answer ✔✔more than one distribution
The ______ (mean or median) is the middle measurement of a distribution. - correct answer ✔✔median
The______ (mean or median) is the center of gravity - correct answer ✔✔mean
The ______ (standard deviation or IQR) is a better indicator of the spread of the main part of a
distribution than the standard deviation when the data are strongly skewed to one side or the other,
especially when there are extreme observations - correct answer ✔✔Interquartile range
The ______ (std or IQR) is a better indication of the spread among all of the data points - correct answer
✔✔standard deviation
Mutually Exclusive - correct answer ✔✔when two events are not simultaneously possible; Pr[A and B]=0
probability distribution - correct answer ✔✔a list of the probabilities of all mutually exclusive outcomes
of a random trial
Addition rule of probability for mutually exclusive events - correct answer ✔✔If two events A and B are
mutually exclusive, then
Pr[A or B]= Pr[A] + Pr[B]
