PRE-NAPLEX Pharmacy| Solved Exam|
Trial 3| Guaranteed Pass
**What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?**
Warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing the synthesis of active clotting
factors II, VII, IX, and X.
**A patient is taking amlodipine for hypertension. What is the common side effect associated
with this medication?**
Peripheral edema
**What is the primary function of insulin glargine?**
Insulin glargine provides a long-acting, steady release of insulin for basal blood sugar control.
**What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?**
PPIs irreversibly block the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in the stomach lining, reducing gastric
acid secretion.
**A patient weighs 70 kg and is prescribed 2 mg/kg of vancomycin IV every 12 hours. How
many milligrams of vancomycin should the patient receive per dose?**
140 mg/dose
1
,**How does metformin help control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes?**
It decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
**If a prescription is written for 500 mg of amoxicillin to be taken three times daily for 10 days,
how many tablets of 500 mg will be dispensed?**
30 tablets
**What is the antidote for opioid overdose?**
Naloxone
**A patient on digoxin presents with signs of toxicity. What laboratory value would be critical to
monitor?**
Serum potassium
**A physician orders 1 liter of D5W to be infused over 8 hours. The drop factor is 20 drops/mL.
What is the infusion rate in drops per minute?**
42 drops per minute
*(Calculation: 1 L = 1000 mL, 1000 mL/8 hours = 125 mL/hour. 125 mL/hour × 20 drops/mL =
2500 drops/hour. 2500 drops/hour ÷ 60 minutes = 42 drops/minute.)*
**What is the mechanism of action of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular events?**
2
, Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), reducing thromboxane A2
production, which inhibits platelet aggregation.
**A prescription calls for 120 mL of 0.5% hydrocortisone lotion. How many grams of
hydrocortisone powder are needed to prepare the prescription?**
0.6 grams
*(Calculation: 0.5% = 0.5 g/100 mL. For 120 mL, 0.5 g/100 mL × 120 mL = 0.6 g.)*
**How does spironolactone work as a potassium-sparing diuretic?**
It antagonizes aldosterone at the distal convoluted tubules, increasing sodium excretion while
sparing potassium.
**Calculate the body mass index (BMI) of a patient who weighs 75 kg and is 1.75 meters tall.**
BMI = 24.49
*(Calculation: BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height (m²) = 75 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) = 24.49.)*
**A patient is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What laboratory test should be
monitored to assess efficacy?**
TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)
**What is the mechanism of action of atorvastatin in lowering cholesterol?**
Atorvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver.
3
Trial 3| Guaranteed Pass
**What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?**
Warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing the synthesis of active clotting
factors II, VII, IX, and X.
**A patient is taking amlodipine for hypertension. What is the common side effect associated
with this medication?**
Peripheral edema
**What is the primary function of insulin glargine?**
Insulin glargine provides a long-acting, steady release of insulin for basal blood sugar control.
**What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?**
PPIs irreversibly block the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in the stomach lining, reducing gastric
acid secretion.
**A patient weighs 70 kg and is prescribed 2 mg/kg of vancomycin IV every 12 hours. How
many milligrams of vancomycin should the patient receive per dose?**
140 mg/dose
1
,**How does metformin help control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes?**
It decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.
**If a prescription is written for 500 mg of amoxicillin to be taken three times daily for 10 days,
how many tablets of 500 mg will be dispensed?**
30 tablets
**What is the antidote for opioid overdose?**
Naloxone
**A patient on digoxin presents with signs of toxicity. What laboratory value would be critical to
monitor?**
Serum potassium
**A physician orders 1 liter of D5W to be infused over 8 hours. The drop factor is 20 drops/mL.
What is the infusion rate in drops per minute?**
42 drops per minute
*(Calculation: 1 L = 1000 mL, 1000 mL/8 hours = 125 mL/hour. 125 mL/hour × 20 drops/mL =
2500 drops/hour. 2500 drops/hour ÷ 60 minutes = 42 drops/minute.)*
**What is the mechanism of action of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular events?**
2
, Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), reducing thromboxane A2
production, which inhibits platelet aggregation.
**A prescription calls for 120 mL of 0.5% hydrocortisone lotion. How many grams of
hydrocortisone powder are needed to prepare the prescription?**
0.6 grams
*(Calculation: 0.5% = 0.5 g/100 mL. For 120 mL, 0.5 g/100 mL × 120 mL = 0.6 g.)*
**How does spironolactone work as a potassium-sparing diuretic?**
It antagonizes aldosterone at the distal convoluted tubules, increasing sodium excretion while
sparing potassium.
**Calculate the body mass index (BMI) of a patient who weighs 75 kg and is 1.75 meters tall.**
BMI = 24.49
*(Calculation: BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height (m²) = 75 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) = 24.49.)*
**A patient is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What laboratory test should be
monitored to assess efficacy?**
TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)
**What is the mechanism of action of atorvastatin in lowering cholesterol?**
Atorvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver.
3
