PY 101 Chapter 5 Memory
dissociative identity disorder - correct answer ✔A condition in which an
individual displays multiple identities or personalities; formerly called "multiple
personality disorder"
memory - correct answer ✔Any system—human, animal, or machine—that
encodes, stores, and retrieves information. In humans it works "constructively"
to encode, store, and retrieve information.
constructively - correct answer ✔We use the word "_______________" to
refer to the actual construction of our memory system.
perceptions - correct answer ✔A process that makes sensory patterns
meaningful. It is perception that makes these words meaningful, rather than
just a string of visual patterns. To make this happen, perception draws heavily
on memory, motivation, emotion, and other psychological processes.
reconstruct - correct answer ✔We don't technically retrieve memories—in
truth, we _________ them.
information-processing model - correct answer ✔A cognitive understanding
of memory, emphasizing how information is changed when it is encoded,
stored, and retrieved.It emphasizes the systematic changes information
undergoes on its way to becoming a permanent memory. The information-
processing model also emphasizes that memory is functional—that is, it
performs useful functions for us.
Encoding storage retrieval - correct answer ✔Memories three basic tasks
include: _______, _______, and ________.
, encoding - correct answer ✔First requires you select some stimulus event
from the inputs assaulting your senses and make a classification of that
stimulus. (Is it a sound, visual image, odor, taste, or pain?) Then you identify
the distinct features of that input. Lastly, you mentally tag or label the
experience to make it meaningful. Often so automatic and fast that we aren't
aware of it.
elaboration - correct answer ✔used in deliberate encoding effort to establish
usable memory. We attempt to connect a new concept with existing
information in our memory. Failure to do this is a common cause of memory
errors.
Storage - correct answer ✔the retention of encoded material over time.
Retrieval - correct answer ✔is the payoff for your earlier efforts in encoding
and storage. When you have a properly encoded memory, it can take only a
split second for a good cue to access the information, bring it to
consciousness, or, in some cases, to influence your behavior at an
unconscious level.
eidetic imagery - correct answer ✔"photographic memory"; An especially
clear and persistent form of memory that is quite rare
children adults - correct answer ✔Eidetic imagery appears most commonly in
_________ and only rarely in ________.
sensory working long term - correct answer ✔Information becomes part of
your permanent memory through three sequential stages: first in
____________ memory, then in _________ memory, and finally in _____-
______ memory.
dissociative identity disorder - correct answer ✔A condition in which an
individual displays multiple identities or personalities; formerly called "multiple
personality disorder"
memory - correct answer ✔Any system—human, animal, or machine—that
encodes, stores, and retrieves information. In humans it works "constructively"
to encode, store, and retrieve information.
constructively - correct answer ✔We use the word "_______________" to
refer to the actual construction of our memory system.
perceptions - correct answer ✔A process that makes sensory patterns
meaningful. It is perception that makes these words meaningful, rather than
just a string of visual patterns. To make this happen, perception draws heavily
on memory, motivation, emotion, and other psychological processes.
reconstruct - correct answer ✔We don't technically retrieve memories—in
truth, we _________ them.
information-processing model - correct answer ✔A cognitive understanding
of memory, emphasizing how information is changed when it is encoded,
stored, and retrieved.It emphasizes the systematic changes information
undergoes on its way to becoming a permanent memory. The information-
processing model also emphasizes that memory is functional—that is, it
performs useful functions for us.
Encoding storage retrieval - correct answer ✔Memories three basic tasks
include: _______, _______, and ________.
, encoding - correct answer ✔First requires you select some stimulus event
from the inputs assaulting your senses and make a classification of that
stimulus. (Is it a sound, visual image, odor, taste, or pain?) Then you identify
the distinct features of that input. Lastly, you mentally tag or label the
experience to make it meaningful. Often so automatic and fast that we aren't
aware of it.
elaboration - correct answer ✔used in deliberate encoding effort to establish
usable memory. We attempt to connect a new concept with existing
information in our memory. Failure to do this is a common cause of memory
errors.
Storage - correct answer ✔the retention of encoded material over time.
Retrieval - correct answer ✔is the payoff for your earlier efforts in encoding
and storage. When you have a properly encoded memory, it can take only a
split second for a good cue to access the information, bring it to
consciousness, or, in some cases, to influence your behavior at an
unconscious level.
eidetic imagery - correct answer ✔"photographic memory"; An especially
clear and persistent form of memory that is quite rare
children adults - correct answer ✔Eidetic imagery appears most commonly in
_________ and only rarely in ________.
sensory working long term - correct answer ✔Information becomes part of
your permanent memory through three sequential stages: first in
____________ memory, then in _________ memory, and finally in _____-
______ memory.
