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DOP NOTES TOPIC 5

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Exam of 17 pages for the course Operations Management at Operations Management (DOP NOTES TOPIC 5)

Institution
Operations Management
Course
Operations Management

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10/23/24, 11:39 <font style="vertical-align: inherit;"><font style="vertical-align:
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TOPIC 5: PROJECT TIME SCHEDULING: PERFT/CPM
1. Gantt Charts
Project: set only of activities, each a of they with a start and a end
perfectly defined. Are activities They must of be realized in a certain
order.




Project management involves three phases:
1. Planning of the project: it define the goals that HE they chase the
activities to carry out, the teams humans involved (they can include
subcontractors).
2. Programming of theproject:HEestablisheswhichwill bethedurationofeachaofthe
activitiesof theprojectandinthatmomenthas toofbe carried out.Heresultishe
Project Program.
3. Control of theProject: atimeHEstartstobe realizedheproject,HEmeasurethe
results obtained and, Yeah These are not are the planned HE produces a adjustment
(feedback) in plans and programsace.

So muchthegraphicsofGantt,ashemethodPERT/CPMhavespecialrelevancein
the faHE of Programming of the Project, although also contribute to a
better executionof the Control phase.

Example: commercial launch of anew refrigerator modelific. Activity to be carried out:
A: Engine development.24 weeks.
B: Interior design. 2 weeks.
C: Cold distribution system (after A). 3
weeks. D: Motor tests (after A). 15 weeks.
E: Search for better ergonomics (after B). 5 weeks.
F: Final assembly (last). 5 weeks.
Thissimpleexampleussampleaprojectformedbyaseriesofactivities.HE
observethatsomeofthey ,ashedevelopmentoflaceevidenceof theengine(D),onlythey can
begin if they have previously finishedothers (the A, inthis case). HoweverThere are
others, astheTOandltoB,thatHEthey canexecuteto thesametime.Isnecessarywell,carry
outa adequate programming of are activities, with he end of that each equipment of
workeither know precisely when you have to start and finish your activity.
The Gantt chart is a first technique the elementary thing that is going to usallow programming in the
timetherealizationoftheactivitiesofaproject. It consistsinagraphicwhereHE
represents, inhe axisofthe abscissas,he time,and, inheaxis ofordered thedifferent
activities. TO through of nails bars horizontal HE reflects he time necessary for
carry out each activity, these being proportional to the time.




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A continuación se muestra el gráfico de Gantt correspondiente a este
proyecto:




El gráfico de Gantt permite realizar una adecuada programación de las
actividades. Una vez construido el grafico sabemos cuándo debe comenzar y
terminar cada actividad: por ejemplo la actividad D debe iniciarse en la semana
24 y debe finalizar en la semana 39.
También nos permite estimar la fecha prevista de finalización del proyecto o su
duración; en este caso de 44 semanas. Puede comprobarse que la duración del
proyecto NO se obtiene sumando la duración de todas las actividades, ya que
algunas se pueden desarrollar de forma paralela, con el consiguiente ahorro de
tiempo (ejemplo: Actividad A y B).
Una vez comenzado el proyecto el gráfico de Gantt también puede utilizarse
como herramienta de control.
Tal y como se observa en el siguiente gráfico, con un sistema de sombreado
podemos indicar el nivel de avance de cada una de las actividades dejando en
blanco lo que queda pendiente. Si marcamos el momento actual con una línea
vertical (línea roja), podremos sabe el estado actual de las actividades con
respecto al programa establecido.




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AM inherit;">D…




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Course
Operations Management

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