Edexcel A Level Geography Paper 2 case studies(human) Study Guide Solutions

Edexcel A Level Geography Paper 2 case studies(human) Study Guide Solutions Globalisation - China - global manufacturing hub - Ans:--China's open door policy 1978 which was a more open market economy which encouraged FDI, the global shift and they set up SEZ's. -Factories, industrial hubs and ports popped up around the country, providing waged work for millions of Chinese people. This led to 600 million people being taken out of poverty from 1992 and 2015. China is the worlds largest exporter of goods. Globalisation - Cost for developed world - Detroit - Ans:--Detroit is located in North East USA in the Rust Belt region. -It was a global manufacturing hub of cars but due to the global shift, its manufacturing industry declined, closing factories and leaving many unemployed. -People moved out and the population of Detroit declined from around 1.8 million in the 1950s to around 600,000 today. -This caused a rapid spiral of decline for the area, high unemployment, high levels of crime(2nd highest murder city in USA), low education levels and declining house prices. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/15 Globalisation - Examples of Westernisation(cultural erosion) - Changing diets in Asia - Ans:- Globalisation is helping to shift Asian diets towards 'western styles'. Examples include the rise of fast food such as Mcdonaldization. China and Japan have very changing diets, including a lot of fast food - this has had negative effects such as increasing obesity rates and more pressure on health services. Globalisation - Three ways in which local communities to reduce impact of globalisation? - Ans:- Localism and transition towns - response to globalisation by using more sustainable means - examples include by using more locally sourced foods instead from TNCS, this helps to reduce carbon footprint. An example would be a transition town of Brixton - they use more local produce, introduced the Brixton pound too. Pressure groups and NGOS - Fair Trade: -Fair trade puts stickers on all products which have been produced by small scale farms and businesses who have good environmental records. -This is helpful in preventing impacts of globalisation as it stops large unsustainable groups from monopolising the markets as well as giving smaller farmers fair pay. -In the UK in 2016, $1.6 billion of fair trade products were sold. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/15 Recycling: -Recycling waste can help resource management by recycling products. -It makes Earths resources last longer and reduces greenhouse gas emissions and pollution from disposing or making new products. Superpowers - China's Belt and Road Innovative - Ans:--Launched in 2013 Chinas belt and road innovative is a $1 trillion infrastructure project to invest in countries around the world, especially in Africa, to gain geo political influence and spread their sphere of influence in return. -Kenya in Africa - China have helped economically develop Kenya through building infrastructure and railroads for instance which have provided jobs as well as development in Africa. -China are doing this in return for resources such as tropical timber in Mozambique and Oil in Chad. -This innovative in increasing China's geo-political influence around Africa and countries there are becoming closer allies to China, possibly moving away from the West causing further geo political tensions and a possible 'second cold war'. Superpowers - Arctic Resource Pressure - Ans:--It is estimated 25% of the worlds remaining undiscovered oil and gas may be located under the Arctic ocean worth billions. -Receding polar ice is making the extraction of these resource