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Samenvatting H7

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hoofdstuk 7 medische fysica en radioprotectie

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H7 Arbeid, vermogen en kinetische energie

Arbeid verricht door een constante kracht

Kracht in de richting van de verplaatsing:

Arbeid = kracht . verplaatsing W=F.d
Joule = Newton . meter J=N.m

! Als je een zak van 50 kg vasthoudt verricht je geen arbeid. (d = 0 dus W = 0)

Kracht in willekeurige richting van de verplaatsing:

W =F.d
= F . d . cos θ

Als θ < 90°, dan is W positief.
Als θ > 90°, dan is W negatief.
Als θ = 90° of F = 0 of d = 0, dan is W gelijk aan 0 J.

Arbeid verricht door meerdere krachten inwerkend op een lichaam:

Wtotaal = W1 + W 2 + …
= Ftotaal . d
= Ftotaal . d . cos θ

Grafische voorstelling arbeid:

Het oppervlak onder de F(x) curve.

Arbeid verricht door een niet constante kracht
x2 X2
W = ∫ F . cos θ dx=∫ ⃗
F . d ⃗x
x1 X1


Grafische voorstelling arbeid:

Het oppervlak onder de F(x) curven optellen.

Arbeid geleverd door veerkracht bij verplaatsing F = - k . x

W = - k x2 /2

Vermogen

Gemiddeld vermogen

Vermogen = arbeid / tijd Pav = W / t
Watt = Joule / seconde W=J/s

Ogenblikkelijk vermogen

P = dW / dt

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