pathophysiology/pharmacology final 2024
EXAM NEW VERSION LATEST UPDATE
2024 - 2025 and more Exams in PDF
E coli is the common bacterial cause for what
UTI
medication used for diabetes insipidus
desmopressin
What posture has stiff bent arms with legs straight?
decorticate
What part of the brain controls breathing and respirations?
medulla oblongata
what is a common sign of a perforated ulcer?
acute abdomen/rigid
class of drug where patient should sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking drug
biphosphonate (alendronate)
patient has no appetite and nausea what should the nurse monitor for
fluid and electrolyte imbalance
clients who have kidney stones may need what intervention
urine straining
disease process that leaches calcium from the bones more common in women
osteoporosis
clubbing of the fingers and barrel chest are found in what disease
COPD
ketones in the urine is an indication of what acid base imbalance
ketoacidosis
type of stroke caused by a ruptured berry aneurysm
hemorrhagic
electrolyte imbalance from hyperparathyroidism
hypercalcemia
omeprazole is what kind of drug
proton pump inhibitor
inflammatory disorder by breakdown and loss of joint cartilage
osteoarthritis
nursing consideration for discontinuing a glucocorticoid
taper dose; do not stop abruptly
why is it important to use an incentive spirometer after surgery
,to prevent atelectasis
what is a common side effect of anticholinergic medications
dry mouth (slows things down and dries things up)
what is the peak for regular insulin
peak- 2to4 hours
what medication is given to a patient with CHF to decrease edema
diuretic (furosemide)
disease process triggered by inhaled allergen often associated with spring or fall
seasonal allergies (allergic rhinitis)
exaggerated forward rounding of the back
kyphosis
what number cranial nerve is the trigeminal nerve
5
H. Pylori is a causative agent of what disease
peptic ulcer disease
what medication is used for constipation
laxatives
urate crystals in the joints is indicative of what
gout
client with diabetes is undergoing a CT with dye what labs should be checked
creatinine clearance and BUN
what brings information from the PNS to the CNS
afferent neurons
when should an athlete take an inhaler
before exercise
thyroid gland doesn't produce enough hormone is called what
hypothyroidism
what is pneumonia
inflammation of the lung tissue in which alveolar air spaces fill with purulent,
inflammatory cells and fibrin
common causes of pneumonia
bacteria, viruses, inhalation of chemicals, aspiration
what are the three types of pneumonia
community acquired, hospital acquired, ventilator associated
aspiration increases the risk for what kind of pneumonia
bacterial
lung sounds heard with pneumonia
crackles
signs and symptoms of pneumonia
- sudden onset
, - cough (can be either productive or not)
- fever/chills
- dyspnea
- hemoptysis
- tachypnea
- use of accessory muscles
- dullness when percussing
diagnosis of pneumonia
chest x-ray and sputum culture
treatment of pneumonia
antibiotic (bacterial)
bronchodilator
antipyretics
analgesics
fowlers position
risk factors for pneumonia
- influenza
- COPD
- lung cancer
Causes of bronchitis
- viral
- bacterial
- inhalation of toxic substances
factors that increase susceptibilty of bronchitis
- smoking
- common cold
- sinusitis
- pharyngitis
pathophysiology of bronchitis
-cells of the bronchial tissue are irritated
-mucous membrane becomes edematous diminishing the bronchial mucociliary
function.
-The air passages become obstructed by excessive mucus.
signs and symptoms of bronchitis
- sore throat
- nasal discharge
- muscle aches
- fever
- persistent cough (can last 10-20 days)
- rhonchi and wheezes
EXAM NEW VERSION LATEST UPDATE
2024 - 2025 and more Exams in PDF
E coli is the common bacterial cause for what
UTI
medication used for diabetes insipidus
desmopressin
What posture has stiff bent arms with legs straight?
decorticate
What part of the brain controls breathing and respirations?
medulla oblongata
what is a common sign of a perforated ulcer?
acute abdomen/rigid
class of drug where patient should sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking drug
biphosphonate (alendronate)
patient has no appetite and nausea what should the nurse monitor for
fluid and electrolyte imbalance
clients who have kidney stones may need what intervention
urine straining
disease process that leaches calcium from the bones more common in women
osteoporosis
clubbing of the fingers and barrel chest are found in what disease
COPD
ketones in the urine is an indication of what acid base imbalance
ketoacidosis
type of stroke caused by a ruptured berry aneurysm
hemorrhagic
electrolyte imbalance from hyperparathyroidism
hypercalcemia
omeprazole is what kind of drug
proton pump inhibitor
inflammatory disorder by breakdown and loss of joint cartilage
osteoarthritis
nursing consideration for discontinuing a glucocorticoid
taper dose; do not stop abruptly
why is it important to use an incentive spirometer after surgery
,to prevent atelectasis
what is a common side effect of anticholinergic medications
dry mouth (slows things down and dries things up)
what is the peak for regular insulin
peak- 2to4 hours
what medication is given to a patient with CHF to decrease edema
diuretic (furosemide)
disease process triggered by inhaled allergen often associated with spring or fall
seasonal allergies (allergic rhinitis)
exaggerated forward rounding of the back
kyphosis
what number cranial nerve is the trigeminal nerve
5
H. Pylori is a causative agent of what disease
peptic ulcer disease
what medication is used for constipation
laxatives
urate crystals in the joints is indicative of what
gout
client with diabetes is undergoing a CT with dye what labs should be checked
creatinine clearance and BUN
what brings information from the PNS to the CNS
afferent neurons
when should an athlete take an inhaler
before exercise
thyroid gland doesn't produce enough hormone is called what
hypothyroidism
what is pneumonia
inflammation of the lung tissue in which alveolar air spaces fill with purulent,
inflammatory cells and fibrin
common causes of pneumonia
bacteria, viruses, inhalation of chemicals, aspiration
what are the three types of pneumonia
community acquired, hospital acquired, ventilator associated
aspiration increases the risk for what kind of pneumonia
bacterial
lung sounds heard with pneumonia
crackles
signs and symptoms of pneumonia
- sudden onset
, - cough (can be either productive or not)
- fever/chills
- dyspnea
- hemoptysis
- tachypnea
- use of accessory muscles
- dullness when percussing
diagnosis of pneumonia
chest x-ray and sputum culture
treatment of pneumonia
antibiotic (bacterial)
bronchodilator
antipyretics
analgesics
fowlers position
risk factors for pneumonia
- influenza
- COPD
- lung cancer
Causes of bronchitis
- viral
- bacterial
- inhalation of toxic substances
factors that increase susceptibilty of bronchitis
- smoking
- common cold
- sinusitis
- pharyngitis
pathophysiology of bronchitis
-cells of the bronchial tissue are irritated
-mucous membrane becomes edematous diminishing the bronchial mucociliary
function.
-The air passages become obstructed by excessive mucus.
signs and symptoms of bronchitis
- sore throat
- nasal discharge
- muscle aches
- fever
- persistent cough (can last 10-20 days)
- rhonchi and wheezes
