FSE2061 Thanatology Review Questions with complete Solutions Rated 100%
Definition of Psychology - Answers The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
- scientific study of human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context
Cognitive Psychology - Answers all behavior is based upon the internal mental processes, which if
understood would explain behavior
Counseling Psychology - Answers the training and education required for a Counseling Psychologist and
a Clinical Psychologist is nearly identical. therefore, some believe these 2 fields are interchangeable
Developmental Psychology - Answers primarily, this filed focuses on children and include areas such as
language development, thinking skills and emotions
Educational Psychology - Answers the goal of educational psychology is to improve education
Motivation - Answers the process that initiates, directs and sustains satisfying physiological or
psychological needs
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answers - Five distinct levels of needs.
- As each level is met, the individual begins working to satisfy the next higher level, until self-
auctualization is achieved
- Physiological needs, safety, love, esteem and self-auctualization
Physiological Needs- Maslow - Answers most basic and instinctive needs. Air, food, water and sleep
Safety- Maslow - Answers -steady employment, safe neighborhoods, shelter from environment, financial
security.
- people begin to feel that they need more control and order in their lives
Love-Maslow - Answers needs for belonging, love, and affection. needs are less basic than physiological
and security needs. Friendships, romantic attachments, and families help fulfill this need for
companionship and acceptance, as does involvement in social, community, or religious groups
Esteem- Maslow - Answers - gain respect and appreciation of others
- like going to school, playing a sport, enjoying a hobby
Self-Actualization- Maslow - Answers Self-actualizing people are self-aware, concerned with personal
growth, less concerned with the opinions of others, and interested fulfilling their potential
,Herzberg's Two Factor Theory - Answers - 2 main factors that governed human motivation. Maintenance
and Motivation
- If maintenance goals are not met, the individual experiences a level of dissatisfaction.
- once maintenance levels are achieved, person can work toward motivational goals which cause the
individual to excel in a given area
MacGregor's Theory X and Theory Y - Answers Theory X believes employees are lazy and only concerned
for money.
- Theory Y believes employees will excel if given the right environment and opportunities
Theory Z - Answers - Began in Japan as Theory Y
- states all employees are motivated if they actively participate in decision-making at ALL levels of the
organization
- US companies have began to follow and now have Quality Teams and Employees participation
Equity Theory - Answers people are motivated by past experiences of the amount of reward given for
effort put forth
- ex. if employees works hard and receives same reward as other who haven't, they will not work as hard
in the future.
Expectancy Theory - Answers motivation to accomplish a certain task is linked to the probability of
receiving the reward when the task is complete
Drive Theory - Answers -biological needs arising within our bodies create unpleasant states that lead us
to behaviors to eliminate those feelings. Like getting a drink when thirsty
Arousal Theory - Answers motivation suggesting that humans seek an optimal level of activation (desire),
not minimal levels of desire. The desire to be the best we can be. Example: a person who loves to knit,
will have a drive to produce a perfectly knitted product
Human Motives - Answers Hunger and Thirst, Sensation seeking, Sex, Need for achievement and
Aggressive motivation
Aggressive motivation - Answers the desire to harm or injure others in some manner
- this is the most dangerous motivation. It results in events like Columbine, Hitler's treatment of the
Jews in WWII
Emotion - Answers reactions consisting of subjective cognitive states, physiological reactions, and
expressive behaviors
- are very personal and private. No one can truly share our subjective inner experiences
, - others can get an idea of how we are feeling by our expressions and non-verbal communication
Stages of Memory - Answers Encoding, Storage and Retrieving
- Repression is a defensive mechanism relating to memory if the memory is too painful
Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - Answers -believes consciousness and personality has 3 levels
- Ego, Superego and ID
Ego- Freud - Answers mostly conscious state of thoughts and perceptions, that serves as the mediator
between the Superego and the ID
Superego- Freud - Answers mostly preconscious state of memories and stored knowledge, that has the
ideals, morals, and conscience that you incorporated from your parents
ID- Freud - Answers unconscious state of fears, irrational wishes, immoral urges, violent motivates and
unacceptable desires, that is the pleasure seeker of the mental processes
Freudian slips - Answers errors in speech that in fact betray unconscious thought or impluses
Ego Defense Mechanisms - Answers when Ego feels it is unable to control the impulses from the id, the
individual develops anxiety
Various defenses of Ego mechanism - Answers Repression, Projection, Reaction formation, Regression,
Denial, Displacement, Sublimation, Rationalization
Funeral Service Psychology - Answers study of people as it relates to funeral service
Bereavement - Answers the act of loss that results in the experience of grief
Mourning - Answers loss that results in the experience of grief. Outward expression of grief
- an adjustment process which involves grief or sorrow over a period of time and help in the
reorganization of the life of an individual following a loss or death of someone loved.
Grief - Answers emotion or set of emotions due to loss, deep sorrow
Thanatology - Answers the study of death, dying, bereavement and mourning
Thanatophobia - Answers irrational and exaggerated fear of death
John Bowlby - Answers author of Attachment Theory
Oedipus Complex - Answers the love for the mother derives from sensuous oral gratification
Attachment Theory- John Bowlby - Answers -1951 stated that infants are raised in one of three
environments.
Definition of Psychology - Answers The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
- scientific study of human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context
Cognitive Psychology - Answers all behavior is based upon the internal mental processes, which if
understood would explain behavior
Counseling Psychology - Answers the training and education required for a Counseling Psychologist and
a Clinical Psychologist is nearly identical. therefore, some believe these 2 fields are interchangeable
Developmental Psychology - Answers primarily, this filed focuses on children and include areas such as
language development, thinking skills and emotions
Educational Psychology - Answers the goal of educational psychology is to improve education
Motivation - Answers the process that initiates, directs and sustains satisfying physiological or
psychological needs
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answers - Five distinct levels of needs.
- As each level is met, the individual begins working to satisfy the next higher level, until self-
auctualization is achieved
- Physiological needs, safety, love, esteem and self-auctualization
Physiological Needs- Maslow - Answers most basic and instinctive needs. Air, food, water and sleep
Safety- Maslow - Answers -steady employment, safe neighborhoods, shelter from environment, financial
security.
- people begin to feel that they need more control and order in their lives
Love-Maslow - Answers needs for belonging, love, and affection. needs are less basic than physiological
and security needs. Friendships, romantic attachments, and families help fulfill this need for
companionship and acceptance, as does involvement in social, community, or religious groups
Esteem- Maslow - Answers - gain respect and appreciation of others
- like going to school, playing a sport, enjoying a hobby
Self-Actualization- Maslow - Answers Self-actualizing people are self-aware, concerned with personal
growth, less concerned with the opinions of others, and interested fulfilling their potential
,Herzberg's Two Factor Theory - Answers - 2 main factors that governed human motivation. Maintenance
and Motivation
- If maintenance goals are not met, the individual experiences a level of dissatisfaction.
- once maintenance levels are achieved, person can work toward motivational goals which cause the
individual to excel in a given area
MacGregor's Theory X and Theory Y - Answers Theory X believes employees are lazy and only concerned
for money.
- Theory Y believes employees will excel if given the right environment and opportunities
Theory Z - Answers - Began in Japan as Theory Y
- states all employees are motivated if they actively participate in decision-making at ALL levels of the
organization
- US companies have began to follow and now have Quality Teams and Employees participation
Equity Theory - Answers people are motivated by past experiences of the amount of reward given for
effort put forth
- ex. if employees works hard and receives same reward as other who haven't, they will not work as hard
in the future.
Expectancy Theory - Answers motivation to accomplish a certain task is linked to the probability of
receiving the reward when the task is complete
Drive Theory - Answers -biological needs arising within our bodies create unpleasant states that lead us
to behaviors to eliminate those feelings. Like getting a drink when thirsty
Arousal Theory - Answers motivation suggesting that humans seek an optimal level of activation (desire),
not minimal levels of desire. The desire to be the best we can be. Example: a person who loves to knit,
will have a drive to produce a perfectly knitted product
Human Motives - Answers Hunger and Thirst, Sensation seeking, Sex, Need for achievement and
Aggressive motivation
Aggressive motivation - Answers the desire to harm or injure others in some manner
- this is the most dangerous motivation. It results in events like Columbine, Hitler's treatment of the
Jews in WWII
Emotion - Answers reactions consisting of subjective cognitive states, physiological reactions, and
expressive behaviors
- are very personal and private. No one can truly share our subjective inner experiences
, - others can get an idea of how we are feeling by our expressions and non-verbal communication
Stages of Memory - Answers Encoding, Storage and Retrieving
- Repression is a defensive mechanism relating to memory if the memory is too painful
Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - Answers -believes consciousness and personality has 3 levels
- Ego, Superego and ID
Ego- Freud - Answers mostly conscious state of thoughts and perceptions, that serves as the mediator
between the Superego and the ID
Superego- Freud - Answers mostly preconscious state of memories and stored knowledge, that has the
ideals, morals, and conscience that you incorporated from your parents
ID- Freud - Answers unconscious state of fears, irrational wishes, immoral urges, violent motivates and
unacceptable desires, that is the pleasure seeker of the mental processes
Freudian slips - Answers errors in speech that in fact betray unconscious thought or impluses
Ego Defense Mechanisms - Answers when Ego feels it is unable to control the impulses from the id, the
individual develops anxiety
Various defenses of Ego mechanism - Answers Repression, Projection, Reaction formation, Regression,
Denial, Displacement, Sublimation, Rationalization
Funeral Service Psychology - Answers study of people as it relates to funeral service
Bereavement - Answers the act of loss that results in the experience of grief
Mourning - Answers loss that results in the experience of grief. Outward expression of grief
- an adjustment process which involves grief or sorrow over a period of time and help in the
reorganization of the life of an individual following a loss or death of someone loved.
Grief - Answers emotion or set of emotions due to loss, deep sorrow
Thanatology - Answers the study of death, dying, bereavement and mourning
Thanatophobia - Answers irrational and exaggerated fear of death
John Bowlby - Answers author of Attachment Theory
Oedipus Complex - Answers the love for the mother derives from sensuous oral gratification
Attachment Theory- John Bowlby - Answers -1951 stated that infants are raised in one of three
environments.
