Bioinformatics and DNA Sequencing Techniques Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
Bioinformatics - Answers Software used to manage DNA sequencing data.
BLAST - Answers A tool for comparing DNA sequences.
Genome Mapping - Answers Identifying genes and regulatory sites in organisms.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) - Answers Organisms with edited or inserted genes.
Transgenic Organisms - Answers GMOs with genes from different species.
CRISPR - Answers Gene editing technique using bacterial DNA.
DNA Amplification - Answers Increasing DNA amount using PCR.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Answers Technique to create millions of DNA copies.
Denaturation - Answers First step in PCR, separating DNA strands.
Annealing - Answers Second PCR step, primers bind to DNA.
Extension - Answers Third PCR step, DNA strands are synthesized.
Taq Polymerase - Answers Heat-resistant enzyme used in PCR.
Gel Electrophoresis - Answers Technique separating DNA fragments by length.
Restriction Enzymes - Answers Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sites.
Sticky-end Restriction Enzymes - Answers Cut DNA, leaving overhanging ends.
Blunt-end Restriction Enzymes - Answers Cut DNA, leaving flat-ended fragments.
Ligase Enzymes - Answers Enzymes that join DNA or RNA fragments.
Recombinant Plasmids - Answers Plasmids with inserted target DNA.
Antibiotic Resistance Plasmids - Answers Used for identifying transformed bacterial cells.
Reporter Gene - Answers Gene indicating transformed cells' phenotypes.
Transformation Rate - Answers Very low frequency of successful genetic transformation.
DNA Sequencing Techniques - Answers Methods to determine nucleotide order in DNA.
Polymorphisms - Answers Variants in genes identified through sequencing.
Mutations - Answers Changes in DNA affecting protein function.
Bioinformatics - Answers Software used to manage DNA sequencing data.
BLAST - Answers A tool for comparing DNA sequences.
Genome Mapping - Answers Identifying genes and regulatory sites in organisms.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) - Answers Organisms with edited or inserted genes.
Transgenic Organisms - Answers GMOs with genes from different species.
CRISPR - Answers Gene editing technique using bacterial DNA.
DNA Amplification - Answers Increasing DNA amount using PCR.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Answers Technique to create millions of DNA copies.
Denaturation - Answers First step in PCR, separating DNA strands.
Annealing - Answers Second PCR step, primers bind to DNA.
Extension - Answers Third PCR step, DNA strands are synthesized.
Taq Polymerase - Answers Heat-resistant enzyme used in PCR.
Gel Electrophoresis - Answers Technique separating DNA fragments by length.
Restriction Enzymes - Answers Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sites.
Sticky-end Restriction Enzymes - Answers Cut DNA, leaving overhanging ends.
Blunt-end Restriction Enzymes - Answers Cut DNA, leaving flat-ended fragments.
Ligase Enzymes - Answers Enzymes that join DNA or RNA fragments.
Recombinant Plasmids - Answers Plasmids with inserted target DNA.
Antibiotic Resistance Plasmids - Answers Used for identifying transformed bacterial cells.
Reporter Gene - Answers Gene indicating transformed cells' phenotypes.
Transformation Rate - Answers Very low frequency of successful genetic transformation.
DNA Sequencing Techniques - Answers Methods to determine nucleotide order in DNA.
Polymorphisms - Answers Variants in genes identified through sequencing.
Mutations - Answers Changes in DNA affecting protein function.
