©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
NURS 487 MidTerm Prep Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
What is coronary circulation? - answer✔Blood supply to the heart
What does the right coronary artery supply? (4) - answer✔SA node
AV node
Right atrium
Right ventricle
What does the left coronary artery supply? (3) - answer✔Left ventricle
Left atrium
Interventricular septum
Where do the coronary veins deliver deoxygenated blood? - answer✔To the Coronary Sinus
back to the RA.
What coronary vein drains directly to the RA? - answer✔Anterior vein
What is anatomy of the heart? - answer✔Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
What is an action potential? - answer✔Electrical impulse that travels down the axon triggering
the release of neurotransmitters.
Does the nervous system need to stimulate the heart for it to pump? - answer✔No. Unlike
skeletal muscle the heart does not need impulses from the nervous system to pump.
What does the nervous system do to the heart? - answer✔It can make it beat faster or slower, but
it cannot generate beats.
What is the primary pacemaker of the heart? - answer✔Sinoatrial node (SA), initiates all heart
beats and controls heart rate/rhythm.
If the SA node becomes damaged and nonfunctional, which structure(s) will take over? (2) -
answer✔1.) AV node
2.) Bundle of His
What is the conduction pathway of the heart? - answer✔SA node, AV node, (delay of 120 ms)
bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
What does the AV node stimulate? - answer✔The R/L atrium.
What does the Purkinje fibers stimulate? - answer✔The R/L ventricles.
What is Starling's law of the heart? - answer✔The more the heart fills (preload), the stronger the
force of contraction.
What is end diastolic volume? - answer✔Volume of blood in ventricles before contraction.
What part of the nervous system prepares you for activity? (Fight or Flight) -
answer✔Sympathetic (SNS).
What part of the nervous system calms you down? (Rest & Digest) - answer✔Parasympathetic
(PNS).
How does fetal circulation work? - answer✔oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from placenta
carried to fetus via umbilical vein → half enters Ductus venosus (allows blood to bypass the
liver) →carried to inferior vena cava → RA → RV → Ductus arteriosus (conducts some blood
from the pulmonary artery to the aorta [bypassing the lungs/fetal pulmonary circulation]) →
aorta. Other half enters liver/portal vein → RA → Foramen ovale (allows blood to bypass
pulmonary circulation by entering the left atria directly from the right atria since there is no gas
exchange in fetal lung) → LA → LV → aorta.
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
What are the 3 types of heart problems? - answer✔Inside: value or chamber issues
Outside: CA, DVT, etc.
Conduction: SA node
What is IPAP-S and what is it used for? - answer✔Inspect
Palpate
Auscultate
Percuss
Smell
Easy way to assess patients
Where is your apical pulse? - answer✔5th intercoastal at the apex of the heart. Basically your
mitral location for auscultation.
What is the acronym for heart sounds? - answer✔All People Enjoy Time Magazine
(Aortic, pulmonic, erbs point, tricuspid, mitral)
If the patient has JVD what type of heart failure does it indicate? - answer✔Right sided heart
failure. JVD is happening because of volume overload in the RA because of increased right sided
heart pressure. The RA or RV isn't working well.
What is a splinter hemorrhage and what does it indicate? - answer✔Thin strip of hemorrhage
under the nail seen in endocarditis
What is ecchymosis? - answer✔Bruising of the skin
What is petechiae? - answer✔Small dot like pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.
What is purpura? - answer✔A rash of purple spots on the skin caused by internal bleeding from
small blood vessels
What is pallor? - answer✔An unhealthy pale appearance
What is nail clubbing, when is it most commonly found? - answer✔Clubbing is raised nail bed
and occurs with chronic hypoxemia.
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
What is mottling? - answer✔Lacy, red or blue pattern from dilated vessels
What are the normal lab values for: Platelets, WBCs, & Hemoglobin - answer✔Platelets:
150,000-400,000
WBC: 5,000-10,000
Hemoglobin: Men: 13.5-17.5
Women: 12-15.5
When checking the neck for a CV assessment what 3 things do you look for? - answer✔1.)
Inspect jugular venous pulse assessing for distention.
2.) Carotid pulse - Palpate and auscultate.
3.) If JVD is present, estimate or measure.
When assessing for JVD, what side do you ask your patient to turn their head? - answer✔The left
because that is where the SVC drains into the RA. Sit at 45 degree angle.
Should you palpate a carotid artery? - answer✔NO! It may make the heart stop because you are
affecting the baroreceptors that are close to the artery. This will stop conduction of the SA node.
Where will you see a RV and LV Heave? - answer✔RV Heave: Sternal border
LV Heave: Apex
Where is the base and apex of the heart? - answer✔Base is top (by head)
Apex is bottom (pointing to feet)
What is systole? - answer✔The MAXIMAL force of blood on artery walls, contraction of the
heart.
What is diastole? - answer✔The LOWEST force of blood on artery walls, relaxation of the heart.
What is the S1 heart sound? - answer✔-"Lub"
-AV valves close
-Beginning of systole
Where is S1 loudest? - answer✔Apex of the heart
What is the S2 heart sound? - answer✔-"Dub"
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
NURS 487 MidTerm Prep Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
What is coronary circulation? - answer✔Blood supply to the heart
What does the right coronary artery supply? (4) - answer✔SA node
AV node
Right atrium
Right ventricle
What does the left coronary artery supply? (3) - answer✔Left ventricle
Left atrium
Interventricular septum
Where do the coronary veins deliver deoxygenated blood? - answer✔To the Coronary Sinus
back to the RA.
What coronary vein drains directly to the RA? - answer✔Anterior vein
What is anatomy of the heart? - answer✔Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
What is an action potential? - answer✔Electrical impulse that travels down the axon triggering
the release of neurotransmitters.
Does the nervous system need to stimulate the heart for it to pump? - answer✔No. Unlike
skeletal muscle the heart does not need impulses from the nervous system to pump.
What does the nervous system do to the heart? - answer✔It can make it beat faster or slower, but
it cannot generate beats.
What is the primary pacemaker of the heart? - answer✔Sinoatrial node (SA), initiates all heart
beats and controls heart rate/rhythm.
If the SA node becomes damaged and nonfunctional, which structure(s) will take over? (2) -
answer✔1.) AV node
2.) Bundle of His
What is the conduction pathway of the heart? - answer✔SA node, AV node, (delay of 120 ms)
bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
What does the AV node stimulate? - answer✔The R/L atrium.
What does the Purkinje fibers stimulate? - answer✔The R/L ventricles.
What is Starling's law of the heart? - answer✔The more the heart fills (preload), the stronger the
force of contraction.
What is end diastolic volume? - answer✔Volume of blood in ventricles before contraction.
What part of the nervous system prepares you for activity? (Fight or Flight) -
answer✔Sympathetic (SNS).
What part of the nervous system calms you down? (Rest & Digest) - answer✔Parasympathetic
(PNS).
How does fetal circulation work? - answer✔oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from placenta
carried to fetus via umbilical vein → half enters Ductus venosus (allows blood to bypass the
liver) →carried to inferior vena cava → RA → RV → Ductus arteriosus (conducts some blood
from the pulmonary artery to the aorta [bypassing the lungs/fetal pulmonary circulation]) →
aorta. Other half enters liver/portal vein → RA → Foramen ovale (allows blood to bypass
pulmonary circulation by entering the left atria directly from the right atria since there is no gas
exchange in fetal lung) → LA → LV → aorta.
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
What are the 3 types of heart problems? - answer✔Inside: value or chamber issues
Outside: CA, DVT, etc.
Conduction: SA node
What is IPAP-S and what is it used for? - answer✔Inspect
Palpate
Auscultate
Percuss
Smell
Easy way to assess patients
Where is your apical pulse? - answer✔5th intercoastal at the apex of the heart. Basically your
mitral location for auscultation.
What is the acronym for heart sounds? - answer✔All People Enjoy Time Magazine
(Aortic, pulmonic, erbs point, tricuspid, mitral)
If the patient has JVD what type of heart failure does it indicate? - answer✔Right sided heart
failure. JVD is happening because of volume overload in the RA because of increased right sided
heart pressure. The RA or RV isn't working well.
What is a splinter hemorrhage and what does it indicate? - answer✔Thin strip of hemorrhage
under the nail seen in endocarditis
What is ecchymosis? - answer✔Bruising of the skin
What is petechiae? - answer✔Small dot like pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.
What is purpura? - answer✔A rash of purple spots on the skin caused by internal bleeding from
small blood vessels
What is pallor? - answer✔An unhealthy pale appearance
What is nail clubbing, when is it most commonly found? - answer✔Clubbing is raised nail bed
and occurs with chronic hypoxemia.
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
What is mottling? - answer✔Lacy, red or blue pattern from dilated vessels
What are the normal lab values for: Platelets, WBCs, & Hemoglobin - answer✔Platelets:
150,000-400,000
WBC: 5,000-10,000
Hemoglobin: Men: 13.5-17.5
Women: 12-15.5
When checking the neck for a CV assessment what 3 things do you look for? - answer✔1.)
Inspect jugular venous pulse assessing for distention.
2.) Carotid pulse - Palpate and auscultate.
3.) If JVD is present, estimate or measure.
When assessing for JVD, what side do you ask your patient to turn their head? - answer✔The left
because that is where the SVC drains into the RA. Sit at 45 degree angle.
Should you palpate a carotid artery? - answer✔NO! It may make the heart stop because you are
affecting the baroreceptors that are close to the artery. This will stop conduction of the SA node.
Where will you see a RV and LV Heave? - answer✔RV Heave: Sternal border
LV Heave: Apex
Where is the base and apex of the heart? - answer✔Base is top (by head)
Apex is bottom (pointing to feet)
What is systole? - answer✔The MAXIMAL force of blood on artery walls, contraction of the
heart.
What is diastole? - answer✔The LOWEST force of blood on artery walls, relaxation of the heart.
What is the S1 heart sound? - answer✔-"Lub"
-AV valves close
-Beginning of systole
Where is S1 loudest? - answer✔Apex of the heart
What is the S2 heart sound? - answer✔-"Dub"
