BIOLOGY 101 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Neutron -- Answer ✔✔ A particle with no charge (neither positive nor
negative) that is present in the nucleus is called Neutron
Proton -- Answer ✔✔ a subatomic particle that has a positive charge
and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Electron -- Answer ✔✔ an elementary particle with negative charge,
negatively charged particle; located outside the atomic nucleus
Mass number -- Answer ✔✔ the total number of protons and neutrons
in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number & mass number -- Answer ✔✔ atomic number- number
of protons in one atom of the element.
mass number- number of protons + number of neutrons in one atom of
the element
Isotope -- Answer ✔✔ atoms of the same element that have different
numbers of neutrons
ionic bond -- Answer ✔✔ a chemical bond resulting from the attraction
between oppositely charged ions
nonpolar covalent -- Answer ✔✔ Bond formed when electron pairs are
shared equally between atoms.
,polar covalent -- Answer ✔✔ a type of bond that forms when electrons
are not shared equally
hydrogen bonds -- Answer ✔✔ very weak bonds; occurs when a
hydrogen atom in one molecule is attracted to the electrostatic atom in
another molecule
adhesion -- Answer ✔✔ the clinging of 1 substance to another by
means of hydrogen bonds
cohesion -- Answer ✔✔ tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick
to one another
surface tension -- Answer ✔✔ A measure of how difficult it is to stretch
or break the surface of a liquid. Water has a high surface tension
because of the hydrogen bonding of surface molecules.
solute -- Answer ✔✔ the dissolved substance in a solution
solution -- Answer ✔✔ a homogeneous mixture of two or more
substances
solvent -- Answer ✔✔ a liquid substance capable of dissolving other
substances
acid -- Answer ✔✔ compound that donates H+ ions to an aqueous
solution and measures less than 7 on the pH scale
base -- Answer ✔✔ any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water
and has a pH above 7
ph -- Answer ✔✔ A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -
log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
4 classes of macromolecules -- Answer ✔✔ A. Carbohydrates. B. Lipids.
C. Proteins. D. Nucleic Acids.
, dehydration synthesis -- Answer ✔✔ A chemical reaction in which two
molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water
molecule.
hydrolysis -- Answer ✔✔ Breaking down complex molecules by the
chemical addition of water
proteins -- Answer ✔✔ contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen. source of energy. needed by tissue for repair and growth.
made up of 20 amino acids.
carbohydrates -- Answer ✔✔ compound made up of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
lipids -- Answer ✔✔ biochemicals that do not dissolve in water (fats,
oils, and waxes) make up cell membranes, store energy
nucleic acids -- Answer ✔✔ Polymers assembled from individual
nucleotides; used to store and transmit hereditary, or genetic,
information; the two kinds of nucleic acids are ribonucleic acid (RNA)
and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (p. 47).
4 structural levels of a protein -- Answer ✔✔ Primary (First), Secondary
(Second), Tertiary (Third), Quaternary (Fourth)
monomer -- Answer ✔✔ a simple compound whose molecules can join
together to form polymers
polymer -- Answer ✔✔ a naturally occurring or synthetic compound
consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated
simple monomers
function of nucleic acid -- Answer ✔✔ stores genetic info and holds
instructions for building a protein
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Neutron -- Answer ✔✔ A particle with no charge (neither positive nor
negative) that is present in the nucleus is called Neutron
Proton -- Answer ✔✔ a subatomic particle that has a positive charge
and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Electron -- Answer ✔✔ an elementary particle with negative charge,
negatively charged particle; located outside the atomic nucleus
Mass number -- Answer ✔✔ the total number of protons and neutrons
in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number & mass number -- Answer ✔✔ atomic number- number
of protons in one atom of the element.
mass number- number of protons + number of neutrons in one atom of
the element
Isotope -- Answer ✔✔ atoms of the same element that have different
numbers of neutrons
ionic bond -- Answer ✔✔ a chemical bond resulting from the attraction
between oppositely charged ions
nonpolar covalent -- Answer ✔✔ Bond formed when electron pairs are
shared equally between atoms.
,polar covalent -- Answer ✔✔ a type of bond that forms when electrons
are not shared equally
hydrogen bonds -- Answer ✔✔ very weak bonds; occurs when a
hydrogen atom in one molecule is attracted to the electrostatic atom in
another molecule
adhesion -- Answer ✔✔ the clinging of 1 substance to another by
means of hydrogen bonds
cohesion -- Answer ✔✔ tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick
to one another
surface tension -- Answer ✔✔ A measure of how difficult it is to stretch
or break the surface of a liquid. Water has a high surface tension
because of the hydrogen bonding of surface molecules.
solute -- Answer ✔✔ the dissolved substance in a solution
solution -- Answer ✔✔ a homogeneous mixture of two or more
substances
solvent -- Answer ✔✔ a liquid substance capable of dissolving other
substances
acid -- Answer ✔✔ compound that donates H+ ions to an aqueous
solution and measures less than 7 on the pH scale
base -- Answer ✔✔ any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water
and has a pH above 7
ph -- Answer ✔✔ A measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to -
log [H+] and ranging in value from 0 to 14.
4 classes of macromolecules -- Answer ✔✔ A. Carbohydrates. B. Lipids.
C. Proteins. D. Nucleic Acids.
, dehydration synthesis -- Answer ✔✔ A chemical reaction in which two
molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water
molecule.
hydrolysis -- Answer ✔✔ Breaking down complex molecules by the
chemical addition of water
proteins -- Answer ✔✔ contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen. source of energy. needed by tissue for repair and growth.
made up of 20 amino acids.
carbohydrates -- Answer ✔✔ compound made up of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
lipids -- Answer ✔✔ biochemicals that do not dissolve in water (fats,
oils, and waxes) make up cell membranes, store energy
nucleic acids -- Answer ✔✔ Polymers assembled from individual
nucleotides; used to store and transmit hereditary, or genetic,
information; the two kinds of nucleic acids are ribonucleic acid (RNA)
and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (p. 47).
4 structural levels of a protein -- Answer ✔✔ Primary (First), Secondary
(Second), Tertiary (Third), Quaternary (Fourth)
monomer -- Answer ✔✔ a simple compound whose molecules can join
together to form polymers
polymer -- Answer ✔✔ a naturally occurring or synthetic compound
consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated
simple monomers
function of nucleic acid -- Answer ✔✔ stores genetic info and holds
instructions for building a protein
