©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
NRSG 421: Neuro Exam Questions With
Verified Answers.
What are the three components of the GCS? - answer✔- Eye opening
- Verbal response
- Motor response
When considering pupillary reaction, what are early and late signs of neurovascular decline? -
answer✔- Early: sluggish
- Late: One blown pupil, both pupils are fixed and dilated
What drug class might make a pts pupils very small? - answer✔opioids
What drugs might increase a pts pupil size? - answer✔- Atropine
- Cocaine
- Amphetamines
- Alcohol
What does PERRLA stand for? - answer✔pupils equal, round, reactive to light and
accommodation
What does AEIOUTIPS stand for? - answer✔- A: alcohol, acidosis
- E: endocrine, epilepsy, electrolytes, encephalopathy
- I: insulin
- O: opioids, overdose
- U: uremia, underdose
- T: trauma
- I: infection
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
- P: psychosis, poisoning, pharmacology
- S: stroke, seizure, syncope
Alcohol decreases level of consciousness and therefore is considered a ____________________
- answer✔depressant
Alcohol affects many areas of the brain, but what two areas are most commonly affected? -
answer✔- Cerebral cortex
- Limbic system
What does alcohol do in the cerebral cortex? - answer✔- Depresses behavioural inhibitory
centres (person becomes more talkative, more self-confident and less socially inhibited)
- Slows down processing of senses (trouble hearing, seeing and tasting, threshold for pain is
raised)
- Inhibits thought processes (person does not use good judgement or thinks clearly)
What does alcohol do to the limbic system? - answer✔- Limbic system controls emotions and
memory. Alcohol causes the person to experience exaggerated states of emotion
What is an anion gap? What does it mean when a patient has a high anion gap? - answer✔- The
difference between the primary measured cations (Na & K) and the primary measure anions
(chloride & HCO3)
- High anion gap means there are extra anions (like lactate) with a secondary loss of HCO3
(buffer for acids) = so a larger gap between cations and anions. Suspected acidosis
- Normal anion gap is 8-16 mEq/L
KUSSMAUL is an acronym used to remember conditions that cause acidosis. What does each
letter represent? - answer✔- K: Ketosis (DKA)
- U: Uremia
- SS: Salicylate poisoning
- M: Methanol poisoning (antifreeze)
- A: Another alcohol (ethylene glycol)
- U: Uremia (again)
- L: Lactic acidosis
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
NRSG 421: Neuro Exam Questions With
Verified Answers.
What are the three components of the GCS? - answer✔- Eye opening
- Verbal response
- Motor response
When considering pupillary reaction, what are early and late signs of neurovascular decline? -
answer✔- Early: sluggish
- Late: One blown pupil, both pupils are fixed and dilated
What drug class might make a pts pupils very small? - answer✔opioids
What drugs might increase a pts pupil size? - answer✔- Atropine
- Cocaine
- Amphetamines
- Alcohol
What does PERRLA stand for? - answer✔pupils equal, round, reactive to light and
accommodation
What does AEIOUTIPS stand for? - answer✔- A: alcohol, acidosis
- E: endocrine, epilepsy, electrolytes, encephalopathy
- I: insulin
- O: opioids, overdose
- U: uremia, underdose
- T: trauma
- I: infection
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/10/2024 11:44 AM
- P: psychosis, poisoning, pharmacology
- S: stroke, seizure, syncope
Alcohol decreases level of consciousness and therefore is considered a ____________________
- answer✔depressant
Alcohol affects many areas of the brain, but what two areas are most commonly affected? -
answer✔- Cerebral cortex
- Limbic system
What does alcohol do in the cerebral cortex? - answer✔- Depresses behavioural inhibitory
centres (person becomes more talkative, more self-confident and less socially inhibited)
- Slows down processing of senses (trouble hearing, seeing and tasting, threshold for pain is
raised)
- Inhibits thought processes (person does not use good judgement or thinks clearly)
What does alcohol do to the limbic system? - answer✔- Limbic system controls emotions and
memory. Alcohol causes the person to experience exaggerated states of emotion
What is an anion gap? What does it mean when a patient has a high anion gap? - answer✔- The
difference between the primary measured cations (Na & K) and the primary measure anions
(chloride & HCO3)
- High anion gap means there are extra anions (like lactate) with a secondary loss of HCO3
(buffer for acids) = so a larger gap between cations and anions. Suspected acidosis
- Normal anion gap is 8-16 mEq/L
KUSSMAUL is an acronym used to remember conditions that cause acidosis. What does each
letter represent? - answer✔- K: Ketosis (DKA)
- U: Uremia
- SS: Salicylate poisoning
- M: Methanol poisoning (antifreeze)
- A: Another alcohol (ethylene glycol)
- U: Uremia (again)
- L: Lactic acidosis
