Organic Chemistry- Alkanes Exam
Questions & Answers 2024/2025
organic chemistry - ANSWER-study of carbon compounds
organic compounds - ANSWER--have covalent bonds
-contain C and usually H
-has 4 bonds
-typically nonpolar molecules
-do not dissolve in water (vegetable oil)
-weak attractions between molecules which cause for lower melting(-138 C) and boiling
points (-0.5 C)
-may burn vigorously in air
carbons 4 bonding patterns - ANSWER-alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics
alkanes - ANSWER-carbons participate in single bonds (unreactive)
alkenes - ANSWER-carbons participate in double bonds
alkynes - ANSWER-carbons participate in triple bonds
aromatics - ANSWER-contain benzene ring, molecule with a ring of six carbon atoms
with one H attached to each C
heteroatom - ANSWER-any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen; ex. N, O, and the
halogens. forms a characteristic number of bonds, determined by its location in the
periodic table. lone pairs of electrons
, hydrocarbons - ANSWER-compounds that contain only the elements C and H
ways of writing organic compounds - ANSWER-molecular formula, expanded formula,
condensed formula
IUPAC - ANSWER-international union of pure and applied chemistry
IUPAC prefixes - ANSWER-1- meth
2-eth
3-prop
4- but
5- pent
6- hexa
7- hept
8-oct
9- non
10- dec
naming organic compounds - ANSWER-count the number of C atoms, find prefix
associated with # of carbon atoms, if only single bonds, compound will end in -ane
cycloalkanes - ANSWER-hydrocarbons that form a ring
substituents - ANSWER-a branch or substituent is added to the carbon chain
isomers - ANSWER-branched alkanes often form these. 2 compounds with the same
molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms.
alkyl groups - ANSWER-alkane that is missing 1 hydrogen atom; to name, change -ane
ending of the parent alkane to -yl
Questions & Answers 2024/2025
organic chemistry - ANSWER-study of carbon compounds
organic compounds - ANSWER--have covalent bonds
-contain C and usually H
-has 4 bonds
-typically nonpolar molecules
-do not dissolve in water (vegetable oil)
-weak attractions between molecules which cause for lower melting(-138 C) and boiling
points (-0.5 C)
-may burn vigorously in air
carbons 4 bonding patterns - ANSWER-alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics
alkanes - ANSWER-carbons participate in single bonds (unreactive)
alkenes - ANSWER-carbons participate in double bonds
alkynes - ANSWER-carbons participate in triple bonds
aromatics - ANSWER-contain benzene ring, molecule with a ring of six carbon atoms
with one H attached to each C
heteroatom - ANSWER-any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen; ex. N, O, and the
halogens. forms a characteristic number of bonds, determined by its location in the
periodic table. lone pairs of electrons
, hydrocarbons - ANSWER-compounds that contain only the elements C and H
ways of writing organic compounds - ANSWER-molecular formula, expanded formula,
condensed formula
IUPAC - ANSWER-international union of pure and applied chemistry
IUPAC prefixes - ANSWER-1- meth
2-eth
3-prop
4- but
5- pent
6- hexa
7- hept
8-oct
9- non
10- dec
naming organic compounds - ANSWER-count the number of C atoms, find prefix
associated with # of carbon atoms, if only single bonds, compound will end in -ane
cycloalkanes - ANSWER-hydrocarbons that form a ring
substituents - ANSWER-a branch or substituent is added to the carbon chain
isomers - ANSWER-branched alkanes often form these. 2 compounds with the same
molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms.
alkyl groups - ANSWER-alkane that is missing 1 hydrogen atom; to name, change -ane
ending of the parent alkane to -yl
