Organic Chemistry Review
Exam Questions and Answers
Guaranteed Pass
alkanes - ANSWER--a hydrocarbon in which there are only single covalent bonds
-the carbon atoms in this molecule can be arranged in a straight chain or in a chain that
has branches
alkenes - ANSWER--hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double
covalent bonds
-at least one carbon-carbon bond in this molecule is a double covalent bond
-other boys may be single carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds
alkynes - ANSWER--triple covalent bonds
substituent - ANSWER--an atom or group of atoms that can take the place of a
hydrogen atom on a parent hydrocarbon molecule
condensed structural formula - ANSWER--some bonds and/or atoms are left out of the
structural formula
structural formula - ANSWER--a chemical formula showing the linkage of the atoms in
the molecule diagrammatically
molecular formula - ANSWER--expression of the number and type of atoms that are
present in a single molecule of a substance
structural isomer - ANSWER--compounds that have the same molecular formula, but
the atoms are joined together in a different order
-differ in physical properties such as boiling and melting points
, -different chemical reactivities
geometric isomer - ANSWER--have atoms joined in the same order, but differ in the
orientation of groups around a double bond
-trans or cis configuration
stereoisomers - ANSWER--molecules in which the atoms are joined in the same order,
but the positions of the atoms in space are different
-the two different types are geometric and optical
asymmetric carbon - ANSWER--a carbon with four different atoms or groups attached
-central carbon
trans configuration - ANSWER--the methyl groups are on the same side of the double
bond
-geometric isomer
-lays flat
-IMF's are higher because the attraction is stronger
cis configuration - ANSWER--the methyl groups are on opposite sides of the double
bond
-geometric isomer
-a lot of extra space
-easier to pull apart because of low IMF
cycloalkanes - ANSWER--an alkane has a cyclic or ring structure
-there are no end carbon atoms
enatomers - ANSWER--mirror-images but they aren't the same
-different structure
Exam Questions and Answers
Guaranteed Pass
alkanes - ANSWER--a hydrocarbon in which there are only single covalent bonds
-the carbon atoms in this molecule can be arranged in a straight chain or in a chain that
has branches
alkenes - ANSWER--hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double
covalent bonds
-at least one carbon-carbon bond in this molecule is a double covalent bond
-other boys may be single carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds
alkynes - ANSWER--triple covalent bonds
substituent - ANSWER--an atom or group of atoms that can take the place of a
hydrogen atom on a parent hydrocarbon molecule
condensed structural formula - ANSWER--some bonds and/or atoms are left out of the
structural formula
structural formula - ANSWER--a chemical formula showing the linkage of the atoms in
the molecule diagrammatically
molecular formula - ANSWER--expression of the number and type of atoms that are
present in a single molecule of a substance
structural isomer - ANSWER--compounds that have the same molecular formula, but
the atoms are joined together in a different order
-differ in physical properties such as boiling and melting points
, -different chemical reactivities
geometric isomer - ANSWER--have atoms joined in the same order, but differ in the
orientation of groups around a double bond
-trans or cis configuration
stereoisomers - ANSWER--molecules in which the atoms are joined in the same order,
but the positions of the atoms in space are different
-the two different types are geometric and optical
asymmetric carbon - ANSWER--a carbon with four different atoms or groups attached
-central carbon
trans configuration - ANSWER--the methyl groups are on the same side of the double
bond
-geometric isomer
-lays flat
-IMF's are higher because the attraction is stronger
cis configuration - ANSWER--the methyl groups are on opposite sides of the double
bond
-geometric isomer
-a lot of extra space
-easier to pull apart because of low IMF
cycloalkanes - ANSWER--an alkane has a cyclic or ring structure
-there are no end carbon atoms
enatomers - ANSWER--mirror-images but they aren't the same
-different structure
