EVR1001 Exam 2: Unit 4-6 Questions & Answers

________ is a weak acid that reacts to the mineral calcite. - ANSWERSCarbonic acid ________ was a supercontinent that existed in the late Paleozoic era of geologic time. - ANSWERSPangaea A transform plate boundary is characterized by ________. - ANSWERSa deep, vertical fault along which two plates slide past one another in opposite directions Which layer in a soil profile is comprised of organic materials, mainly from once living plants and animals? - ANSWERSThe O Horizon Which of the following was a main objection to Alfred Wegener's continental drift hypothesis? - ANSWERSHe couldn't provide a credible mechanism (the why). What occurs during nitrogen fixation? - ANSWERSNitrogen enters the soil and is converted to ammonia or nitrate. Which of the following is NOT an impact of erosion? - ANSWERSLoss of Topsoil What is NOT a major feature of karst topography? - ANSWERSFlat Impervious Surfaces The type of tectonic plate boundary at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is referred to as a ________. - ANSWERSdivergent boundary Course-grained sediments, such as pebbles and cobbles, often comprise the ________ in desert environments. - ANSWERSdesert pavement What are the three distinct layers of Earth? - ANSWERScore, mantle, crust To transform an igneous rock into a sedimentary rock, which of the following processes must take place? - ANSWERSweathering, transport, deposition, and lithification The ________ is Earth's outermost rocky layer that is broken into plates. - ANSWERSlithosphere ________ is the process of sand grains bouncing or rolling along the surface. - ANSWERSSaltation Which one of the following is a metamorphic rock? - ANSWERSslate Which of the following was missing from Alfred Wegener's hypothesis? - ANSWERSpaleomagnetic data from ocean crust Which of the follow is considered to be a solution to erosion? - ANSWERSAll of these are correct. In what part of Florida are phosphates predominantly mined? - ANSWERSCentral Florida (Polk, Hillsborough, Manatee, Hardee County) Coal is primarily composed of ________. - ANSWERSorganic matter Which of the following are erosional agents? - ANSWERSAll of these are correct. The burning of biomass such as wood, is an example of: - ANSWERSindirect use of solar energy The major reason that global energy consumption is increasing is that: - ANSWERSdeveloping countries are using more energy as they improve their standard of living Match the type of energy with its definition. 2. kinetic 1. potential - ANSWERS1. stored energy 2. energy of movement One advantage of conventional nuclear power, when compared to coal, is: - ANSWERSemission of few pollutants into the atmosphere Wood and fossil fuels are rich in stored __________, chemical energy. - ANSWERSpotential A home that is built with windows facing south that maximizes the capture of sunlight during the fall and winter months, but also has an overhang that blocks out sunlight during the spring an summer months uses: - ANSWERSpassive solar energy A method of heating that relies on panels of collectors to capture sunlight and machinery to distribute the heat is: - ANSWERSactive solar heating Which of the following is the cleanest burning fossil fuel? - ANSWERSnatural gas Which renewable energy resource was the first industrial energy resource? - ANSWERShydropower Match the following laws. 2. Law of Conservation of Matter 1. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics 3. 1st Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWERS1. When energy changes form, it transforms from a more useful form to a less useful form (i.e. heat) 2. Matter cannot be created or destroyed. 3. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but energy can change form or be transferred.