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Exam (elaborations) JRN 430

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JRN 430 answers Judicial ReviewThe power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional JurisdictionThe authority of a court to hear a case. 2 types - Geographical - Topical precedentA decision made by a higher court that serves as a basis for deciding similar cases Common LawA legal system based on precedents, established by the courts Unwritten Civil LawA legal system based on a written code of laws Four Principle of Law1.) Individuals and entities are accountable under the law 2.) The laws are clear, stable, and just, applied fairly, and protect fundamental rights. 3.) The process by which law is enacted and enforced is accessible and fair 4.) Justice is delivered in a fair and timely manner. Vague Lawa law that is so unclear that you cannot tell what is being prohibited and what is being allowed Discretion]the authority to determine the proper outcome stare decisisLet the decision stand; decisions are based on precedents from previous cases original jurisdictionThe jurisdiction of courts that hear a case first, usually in a trial. These are the courts that determine the facts about a case.

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JRN 430
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JRN 430

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JRN 430 Quiz 2 and answers
Reporter's Privilege✔✔-"journalist's privilege"

-the concept that reporters can keep information such as source identity confidential

what are the 3 elements that must be met for a reporter to be required to reveal
confidential sources? (NPR)✔✔- Possession
- No alternatives
- Relevance

contempt of court✔✔gives judges the ability to punish willful disobedience of a court
order, misconduct, or interference with the administration of justice

civil contempt✔✔compels individuals to what's required to benefit the complainant
(i.e. name a source, turn over notes)

CAN be undone

Criminal contempt✔✔conduct in or near a court that willfully disregards, disobeys or
interferes with the court's authority; sometimes called "direct contempt"

Shield laws✔✔state laws that protect journalists from having to reveal their sources

Confidentiality✔✔the act of holding information in confidence, not to be released to
unauthorized individuals

What 2 mechanisms protect journalists who do not want to reveal sources of
information✔✔1. Reporter's privilege
2. Shield laws

search warrants✔✔a written order issued by a judge, directed to a law enforcement
officer, authorizing the search and seizure of any property for which there is probable
cause

Continuance✔✔postponement of a trial to a later time

sequestration✔✔the isolation of jurors to avoid prejudice from publicity in a
sensational trial

gag orders✔✔a nonlegal term used to describe court orders that prohibit the
publication or discussion of specific materials

Admonitions✔✔judges' instructions to jurors warning them to avoid potentially
prejudicial communications

jury instructions✔✔judge gives the jury the particular rules of law that apply to the
case

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