NURS-330 questions with correct answers
big three ethical theories Correct Answer-virtue, deontologist,
consequentialist
virtue theory Correct Answer-• Develop, defend conception of ideal
person
• Develop, defend list of virtues necessary for being a person of a
specific type
• Defend a view of how a person can possess these virtues
deontologist theory Correct Answer-judgments of actions are most basic
(Greek deon= duty); Fundamental ethical task: doing the right thing (or
avoiding the wrong thing)
Two types of moral principles/ rules:
• Absolute
• Subject to particular situation
consequentialist theory Correct Answer-judgment of consequences are
most basic
Three goals:
• Specify, defend some things that are good in themselves
• Provide technique to measure and compare quantities of these intrinsic
goods
• Defend policy for cases where one cannot decide which of a number of
alternate actions will maximize good; two types (act & rule); two type of
good (intrinsic & instrumental)
,Two types of consequentialism Correct Answer-• Act Consequentialism:
perform the action that will maximize good consequences
• Rule Consequentialism: follow the rules that will maximize good
consequences
Instrumental vs. Intrinsic Good Correct Answer-Instrumental: good so
far as they play a role in bringing about intrinsically good things
Intrinsic: its goodness is independent because constituted by the kind of
thing good thing is...?
Clinical pragmatism Correct Answer-democratic model of moral
problem solving
Clinical pragmatism framework Correct Answer-1. assessment of
medical facts, Contextual factors; patient's capacity; patient's
preferences, needs; surrogate decision-makers; competing interests;
institutional factors; power
2. Moral Diagnosis of the problems posed by case, options
3. Goal-Setting, Decision-Making, Implementation of a shared plan of
action (shared decision-making process)
4. Evaluation of results
morality Correct Answer-what is considered good or right
What ought I to do in this situation? What is the right course?
Tells us what the right/ good action is
, Customary morality: widely shared beliefs
Ethics Correct Answer-analysis, study, or consideration of morality
Why should I act in a specific manner? What justifies my action?
Considers WHY an action is right/ good and/or why another action may
be indicated
Reflective and critical judgments about acts and beliefs;
To understand and critique particular moralities
four basic ethical obligations that pertain to the clinician-patient
relationship Correct Answer-1) Respect the patient's privacy and
maintain a process that protects patient's confidentiality
2) Communicate honestly about all aspects of patient's care: diagnosis,
treatment, prognosis
3) Determine whether the patient is capable of sharing in decision
making
4) Conduct an ethically valid process of informed consent throughout
relationship
why it is important not to divorce ethical reasoning from clinical
reasoning Correct Answer-add to this
eight ethically relevant considerations and virtues for caring for patients
Correct Answer-1. Norms of family life—familial relationships → moral
responsibilities
big three ethical theories Correct Answer-virtue, deontologist,
consequentialist
virtue theory Correct Answer-• Develop, defend conception of ideal
person
• Develop, defend list of virtues necessary for being a person of a
specific type
• Defend a view of how a person can possess these virtues
deontologist theory Correct Answer-judgments of actions are most basic
(Greek deon= duty); Fundamental ethical task: doing the right thing (or
avoiding the wrong thing)
Two types of moral principles/ rules:
• Absolute
• Subject to particular situation
consequentialist theory Correct Answer-judgment of consequences are
most basic
Three goals:
• Specify, defend some things that are good in themselves
• Provide technique to measure and compare quantities of these intrinsic
goods
• Defend policy for cases where one cannot decide which of a number of
alternate actions will maximize good; two types (act & rule); two type of
good (intrinsic & instrumental)
,Two types of consequentialism Correct Answer-• Act Consequentialism:
perform the action that will maximize good consequences
• Rule Consequentialism: follow the rules that will maximize good
consequences
Instrumental vs. Intrinsic Good Correct Answer-Instrumental: good so
far as they play a role in bringing about intrinsically good things
Intrinsic: its goodness is independent because constituted by the kind of
thing good thing is...?
Clinical pragmatism Correct Answer-democratic model of moral
problem solving
Clinical pragmatism framework Correct Answer-1. assessment of
medical facts, Contextual factors; patient's capacity; patient's
preferences, needs; surrogate decision-makers; competing interests;
institutional factors; power
2. Moral Diagnosis of the problems posed by case, options
3. Goal-Setting, Decision-Making, Implementation of a shared plan of
action (shared decision-making process)
4. Evaluation of results
morality Correct Answer-what is considered good or right
What ought I to do in this situation? What is the right course?
Tells us what the right/ good action is
, Customary morality: widely shared beliefs
Ethics Correct Answer-analysis, study, or consideration of morality
Why should I act in a specific manner? What justifies my action?
Considers WHY an action is right/ good and/or why another action may
be indicated
Reflective and critical judgments about acts and beliefs;
To understand and critique particular moralities
four basic ethical obligations that pertain to the clinician-patient
relationship Correct Answer-1) Respect the patient's privacy and
maintain a process that protects patient's confidentiality
2) Communicate honestly about all aspects of patient's care: diagnosis,
treatment, prognosis
3) Determine whether the patient is capable of sharing in decision
making
4) Conduct an ethically valid process of informed consent throughout
relationship
why it is important not to divorce ethical reasoning from clinical
reasoning Correct Answer-add to this
eight ethically relevant considerations and virtues for caring for patients
Correct Answer-1. Norms of family life—familial relationships → moral
responsibilities
