Chapter 22 – Oral & Gastrointestinal Diseases
Normal Microflora
Develop along with intestinal epithelium over 1-2 years post-birth.
Commensal & mutualistic.
- Intestine and mucosal layer develop with microflora
- Mutual is tic: Organisms that make vitamins, metabolize viral acids
1000 species.
- What you eat, autism, etc.. lead to abnormal microflora
the bacteria come from about 30 or 40 species (normal)
- bacteriorities flagellus (seen in everyone)
- Enterobacter species
- Staphylococcus
- Lactobacillus
- Clostridium Perfringens (causes gangrene)
Bacteria dominate. Fungi, archaea, and viruses are also present.
Not static.
Diseases of the Oral Cavity
Bacterial
Plaque: NOT A DISEASE
- Can contain up to 30 different species of bacteria
- Held together by polysaccharides by bacteria that do sugar metabolism
- Don;t want precipitated minerals: BECOMES TARTAR
Ecological succession
- 300-500 cells thick, if left on teeth it can calcify into tartar
- Tartar can lead to anaerobic pockets: Irritate gums
- Tooth enamel will start to demineralization from the acids coming from tartar
Caries: IS DISEASE AKA Cavities
Lain for cariosis: Rotten
- Teeth dissolving
- Fluoride helps, but only up until age 20
Periodontal: After plaque, tartar, and caries: IS A CHRONIC DISEASE
- Gum inflammation and erosion
- Erosion of periodontal ligaments (they hold teeth in place)
- No pain
- Teeth will fall out
- Gram-negative rods proliferate in mouth
- Systemic problems can occur as a result
- Diagnosed by observation and gum depth
Normal Microflora
Develop along with intestinal epithelium over 1-2 years post-birth.
Commensal & mutualistic.
- Intestine and mucosal layer develop with microflora
- Mutual is tic: Organisms that make vitamins, metabolize viral acids
1000 species.
- What you eat, autism, etc.. lead to abnormal microflora
the bacteria come from about 30 or 40 species (normal)
- bacteriorities flagellus (seen in everyone)
- Enterobacter species
- Staphylococcus
- Lactobacillus
- Clostridium Perfringens (causes gangrene)
Bacteria dominate. Fungi, archaea, and viruses are also present.
Not static.
Diseases of the Oral Cavity
Bacterial
Plaque: NOT A DISEASE
- Can contain up to 30 different species of bacteria
- Held together by polysaccharides by bacteria that do sugar metabolism
- Don;t want precipitated minerals: BECOMES TARTAR
Ecological succession
- 300-500 cells thick, if left on teeth it can calcify into tartar
- Tartar can lead to anaerobic pockets: Irritate gums
- Tooth enamel will start to demineralization from the acids coming from tartar
Caries: IS DISEASE AKA Cavities
Lain for cariosis: Rotten
- Teeth dissolving
- Fluoride helps, but only up until age 20
Periodontal: After plaque, tartar, and caries: IS A CHRONIC DISEASE
- Gum inflammation and erosion
- Erosion of periodontal ligaments (they hold teeth in place)
- No pain
- Teeth will fall out
- Gram-negative rods proliferate in mouth
- Systemic problems can occur as a result
- Diagnosed by observation and gum depth
