csd 146 exam 1 psu (Questions + Answers) Solved

communication - the process by which two or more people share information, including facts, thoughts, ideas, and feelings we communicate to express wants and needs, to transfer information, for social etiquette, and for social closeness formulation - getting thoughts and ideas together (sender) transmission - conveying thoughts and ideas to receiver (sender) reception - receiving information from another person (receiver) comprehension - making sense of that information (receiver) modality - the manner in which information is transmitted and received vocal vs non vocal speech - vocal- speech, vocalizations non vocal- written language, gestures, facial expressions verbal vs non verbal speech - verbal- speech, written language non verbal- vocalizations, gestures, facial expressions what are additional variables the affect communication success or failure - cultural identity, setting, participants how do we give feedback? - linguistic- questioning, agreeing, disagreeing nonlinguistic- posture, eye contact, facial expression, proximity paralinguistic- pitch, loudness, pausing 3 components of communication - language, speech, hearinglanguage - a socially shared code that uses a system of symbols (including sounds and words) to represent ideas to others, socially shared code language has 3 domains - content form use content (semantics) - word meanings, relationships, and combinations form (syntax, morphology, phonology) - rules for organization of words and sounds -rules for organization of sentences -rules for organization of words -rules for sounds (phonemes) in syllables and words use (pragmatics) - -rules for social use of language using language for different purposes, organizing language for a conversation speech - the neuromuscular process that allows people to express language vocally 4 components of speech - breath support voice articulation fluency breath support - "speech breathing" passive expiration is not enough to support speech active contraction of inspiratory and expiratory creates a consistent airflow 10% inspiration, 90% expiration voice (quality, volume, pitch) - the use of vocal folds and breathing to produce sounds-how breathy, hoarse, broken, or nasal a voice sounds -how loud or soft the voice sounds -how high or low the voice sounds articulation - how speech sounds are produced- must be accurate and consistent for effective speech fluency - rhythm of speech, fluent speech is produced easily, smoothly, without hesitation, interjection, repetition, or circumlocutions 3 systems involved in speech - respiration, phonation, articulation respiration system - lungs and trachea phonation system - vocal folds