PSYC 305 SENSATION AND PERCEPTION EXAM 1 ||
WITH A+ GUARANTEED SOLUTIONS.
adaptation correct answers a reduction in response caused by prior or continuing stimulation.
Similar to habituation, where you become less sensitive to it
sensory transduction correct answers the conversion of physical energy (light) into neural energy
by sensory receptors (sensory organs)
dualism correct answers the idea that the mind has an existence separate from the material world
of the body
materialism correct answers the idea that the only thing that exists is matter, and that all things,
including the mind and consciousness, are the results of interaction between bits of matter. Both
brain and mind are made of the same matter, and everything about the mind can be explained by
physical principles
empiricism correct answers the idea that experience from the senses is the only source of
knowledge (we are constrained by our sensory organs)
psychophysics correct answers the study of how stimulus properties relate to conscious
perception. The science of defining quantitive relationships between physical and psychological
(subjective) events.
Just Noticeable Difference (JND) correct answers the smallest detectable difference between two
stimuli, or the minimum change in a stimulus that can be correctly judged as different from a
reference stimulus. Also known as difference threshold
weber's law correct answers the principle describing the relationship between stimulus and
resulting sensation that say the jsut noticeable differenced (JND) is a constant fraction of the
comparison stimulus
Fechner's law correct answers a principle describing the relationship between stimulus
magnitude and resulting sensation magnitude such that the magnitude of subjective sensation
increases proportionally to the logarithm of the stimulus intensity
absolute threshold correct answers the minimum stimulus intensity needed for an organism to
detect its a stimulus presence 50% of the time
method of constant stimuli correct answers present stimuli of different intensities randomly, and
observer must decide if the stimulus was present or not (forced choice task)
method of limits correct answers begin with a stimulus that the observer can easily detect, then
reduce the intensity gradually (in steps) until they cannot detect it, then gradually increase its
, intensity. Perform several ascending and descending runs, and average the detection change
point
method of adjustment correct answers the observer adjusts stimulus intensity to the just
detectable level (quick, but least accurate way, and doesn't have an absolute threshold, but may
have observer bias)
signal detection theory correct answers thresholds are not absolute, but vary depending on
signal/stimulus detectability, and observer sensitivity (ability to detect weak signals)
Hit Signal and noise)- correct correct answers Yes signal is present: probability if a positive
response when the signal is present
Miss (signal and noise)- incorrect and type II error correct answers No, signal is absent:
probability of a negative response when the signal is present
false alarm (noise)- incorrect and type I error correct answers Yes, signal is present: probability
of a positive response when no signal is present
correct rejection (noise)- correct correct answers no, signal is absent: probability of a negative
response when no signal is present
receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve correct answers graphical representation of the
proportion of hits vs false alarms as a function of stimulus probability. As the observer'
sensitivity increases, the curve bows upward toward the upper left corner
d' correct answers a measure of observer sensitivity, looks at curvature of the ROC. Increase of d'
means an increase of sensitivity
criterion correct answers the level of sensory activity above (responds with yes-liberal) which the
observer indicates that a signal is present; activity below (responds with no-conservative) this
point results in the observer indicating that the signal is not present
response bias correct answers tendency towards saying yes or no
sensitivity correct answers the ability of the observer to detect a signal. Whether the observer can
tell the difference between the presence and absence of a stimulus or the difference between
stimulus 1 and 2
detectability correct answers being able to sense a stimulus
steven's power law correct answers a principle describing the relationship between stimulus
magnitude and resulting sensation magnitude, such that the magnitude of subjective sensation is
proportional to the stimulus magnitude raised to an exponent (exponential)
WITH A+ GUARANTEED SOLUTIONS.
adaptation correct answers a reduction in response caused by prior or continuing stimulation.
Similar to habituation, where you become less sensitive to it
sensory transduction correct answers the conversion of physical energy (light) into neural energy
by sensory receptors (sensory organs)
dualism correct answers the idea that the mind has an existence separate from the material world
of the body
materialism correct answers the idea that the only thing that exists is matter, and that all things,
including the mind and consciousness, are the results of interaction between bits of matter. Both
brain and mind are made of the same matter, and everything about the mind can be explained by
physical principles
empiricism correct answers the idea that experience from the senses is the only source of
knowledge (we are constrained by our sensory organs)
psychophysics correct answers the study of how stimulus properties relate to conscious
perception. The science of defining quantitive relationships between physical and psychological
(subjective) events.
Just Noticeable Difference (JND) correct answers the smallest detectable difference between two
stimuli, or the minimum change in a stimulus that can be correctly judged as different from a
reference stimulus. Also known as difference threshold
weber's law correct answers the principle describing the relationship between stimulus and
resulting sensation that say the jsut noticeable differenced (JND) is a constant fraction of the
comparison stimulus
Fechner's law correct answers a principle describing the relationship between stimulus
magnitude and resulting sensation magnitude such that the magnitude of subjective sensation
increases proportionally to the logarithm of the stimulus intensity
absolute threshold correct answers the minimum stimulus intensity needed for an organism to
detect its a stimulus presence 50% of the time
method of constant stimuli correct answers present stimuli of different intensities randomly, and
observer must decide if the stimulus was present or not (forced choice task)
method of limits correct answers begin with a stimulus that the observer can easily detect, then
reduce the intensity gradually (in steps) until they cannot detect it, then gradually increase its
, intensity. Perform several ascending and descending runs, and average the detection change
point
method of adjustment correct answers the observer adjusts stimulus intensity to the just
detectable level (quick, but least accurate way, and doesn't have an absolute threshold, but may
have observer bias)
signal detection theory correct answers thresholds are not absolute, but vary depending on
signal/stimulus detectability, and observer sensitivity (ability to detect weak signals)
Hit Signal and noise)- correct correct answers Yes signal is present: probability if a positive
response when the signal is present
Miss (signal and noise)- incorrect and type II error correct answers No, signal is absent:
probability of a negative response when the signal is present
false alarm (noise)- incorrect and type I error correct answers Yes, signal is present: probability
of a positive response when no signal is present
correct rejection (noise)- correct correct answers no, signal is absent: probability of a negative
response when no signal is present
receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve correct answers graphical representation of the
proportion of hits vs false alarms as a function of stimulus probability. As the observer'
sensitivity increases, the curve bows upward toward the upper left corner
d' correct answers a measure of observer sensitivity, looks at curvature of the ROC. Increase of d'
means an increase of sensitivity
criterion correct answers the level of sensory activity above (responds with yes-liberal) which the
observer indicates that a signal is present; activity below (responds with no-conservative) this
point results in the observer indicating that the signal is not present
response bias correct answers tendency towards saying yes or no
sensitivity correct answers the ability of the observer to detect a signal. Whether the observer can
tell the difference between the presence and absence of a stimulus or the difference between
stimulus 1 and 2
detectability correct answers being able to sense a stimulus
steven's power law correct answers a principle describing the relationship between stimulus
magnitude and resulting sensation magnitude, such that the magnitude of subjective sensation is
proportional to the stimulus magnitude raised to an exponent (exponential)
