ALMS Anatomy & Physiology
Pretest Exam Questions with
Solutions
Which term describes the study of the function of components of the body? -
-Physiology
- Which type of tissue produces chemicals and fluid that digests food in the
stomach? - -Epithelial
- Which layer of serous membrane lines the walls of cavities? - -Parietal
- Which of the following is the anatomical name for the neck area? - -
Cervical
- Eight chemical elements constitute 3.6 percent of total body mass. What
are these chemical elements called? - -Lesser chemical elements
- What layer of serous membranes covers and adheres to the organs within
the cavities it lines? - -Visceral Layer
- What term is used to describe the state at which a solute moves down its
concentration gradient through the plasma membrane and becomes evenly
distributed in the cytosol? - -Equilibrium
- What do two or more atoms form when they share electrons? - -
*Incorrect* An ion
- Four mechanisms of action to conserve heat and increase heat production
in the body include vasoconstriction (blood vessels), adrenal medulla (or its
hormones), thyroid gland (or its hormones), and ____________. - -Shivering
- Which cells are responsible for the growth of existing hairs? - -Hair matrix
- When is metabolic rate higher in females? - -During pregnancy
- The ________________ skeleton includes bones that are located in the bodys
girdles and extremities. - -Appendicular
- Flexion and extension movements usually occur along which plane? - -
Sagittal
, - Where is the insertion site typically located in regard to the attachment of
the muscle? - -Distal
- Most skeletal muscles are arranged in opposing pairs at the joints. What
are the names of the opposing pairs of muscles? - -Prime mover and
antagonist
- Which regions of the body are supplied by the celiac trunk; superior
mesenteric artery; inferior mesenteric artery; and suprarenal, renal, and
gonadal arteries? - -Abdominal viscera
- How does blood flow through the regions in the primitive heart tube? - -
From the caudal end of the primitive heart tube to the cranial end
- How does an increase in epinephrine or norepinephrine affect the heart
rate? - -It causes the heart rate to increase
- Most components of ___________ filter freely through the capillary walls to
form interstitial fluid. - -Blood plasma
- Which immune response begins with the activation of T cells by a specific
antigen? - -Cell mediated
- Which term refers to the bodys ability to defend itself against specific
invading agents, such as bacteria, toxins, viruses, and foreign tissues? - -
Adaptive immunity
- What is the bodys nonspecific, defensive response to tissue damage and
may occur when exposed to pathogens, abrasions, chemical irritations, cell
disturbance, and extreme temperatures? - -Inflammation
- Which of the following causes a decrease in osmolarity of interstitial fluid
and plasma? - -*Incorrect* Increased Na concentration
- Which of the following is the most abundant buffer in intracellular fluid and
blood plasma? - -Protein buffer system
- What component of the fluid secreted from the bulbourethral glands is
used to lubricate the end of the penis? - -Mucus
- What helps breast milk propel toward the nipples? - -*Incorrect*
Contractions of lactiferous ducts
- What is the name of the layer of skin covering the body of the clitoris? - -
Prepuce of the clitoris
Pretest Exam Questions with
Solutions
Which term describes the study of the function of components of the body? -
-Physiology
- Which type of tissue produces chemicals and fluid that digests food in the
stomach? - -Epithelial
- Which layer of serous membrane lines the walls of cavities? - -Parietal
- Which of the following is the anatomical name for the neck area? - -
Cervical
- Eight chemical elements constitute 3.6 percent of total body mass. What
are these chemical elements called? - -Lesser chemical elements
- What layer of serous membranes covers and adheres to the organs within
the cavities it lines? - -Visceral Layer
- What term is used to describe the state at which a solute moves down its
concentration gradient through the plasma membrane and becomes evenly
distributed in the cytosol? - -Equilibrium
- What do two or more atoms form when they share electrons? - -
*Incorrect* An ion
- Four mechanisms of action to conserve heat and increase heat production
in the body include vasoconstriction (blood vessels), adrenal medulla (or its
hormones), thyroid gland (or its hormones), and ____________. - -Shivering
- Which cells are responsible for the growth of existing hairs? - -Hair matrix
- When is metabolic rate higher in females? - -During pregnancy
- The ________________ skeleton includes bones that are located in the bodys
girdles and extremities. - -Appendicular
- Flexion and extension movements usually occur along which plane? - -
Sagittal
, - Where is the insertion site typically located in regard to the attachment of
the muscle? - -Distal
- Most skeletal muscles are arranged in opposing pairs at the joints. What
are the names of the opposing pairs of muscles? - -Prime mover and
antagonist
- Which regions of the body are supplied by the celiac trunk; superior
mesenteric artery; inferior mesenteric artery; and suprarenal, renal, and
gonadal arteries? - -Abdominal viscera
- How does blood flow through the regions in the primitive heart tube? - -
From the caudal end of the primitive heart tube to the cranial end
- How does an increase in epinephrine or norepinephrine affect the heart
rate? - -It causes the heart rate to increase
- Most components of ___________ filter freely through the capillary walls to
form interstitial fluid. - -Blood plasma
- Which immune response begins with the activation of T cells by a specific
antigen? - -Cell mediated
- Which term refers to the bodys ability to defend itself against specific
invading agents, such as bacteria, toxins, viruses, and foreign tissues? - -
Adaptive immunity
- What is the bodys nonspecific, defensive response to tissue damage and
may occur when exposed to pathogens, abrasions, chemical irritations, cell
disturbance, and extreme temperatures? - -Inflammation
- Which of the following causes a decrease in osmolarity of interstitial fluid
and plasma? - -*Incorrect* Increased Na concentration
- Which of the following is the most abundant buffer in intracellular fluid and
blood plasma? - -Protein buffer system
- What component of the fluid secreted from the bulbourethral glands is
used to lubricate the end of the penis? - -Mucus
- What helps breast milk propel toward the nipples? - -*Incorrect*
Contractions of lactiferous ducts
- What is the name of the layer of skin covering the body of the clitoris? - -
Prepuce of the clitoris
