General Surgery EOR Exam UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Barrett's Esophagus pathology - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔squamous cell into precancerous
metaplastic columnar cells
GERD dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Endoscope (usually used first)
24 hr ambulatory pH monitoring (GS) `
GERD tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1st (lifestyle)
2nd (H2 receptor antagonists)
3rd (PPI->Nissen fundoplication)
Achalasia sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔dysphagia to both solids and liquids
Achalasia dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Esophageal manometry (GS- shows increased
LES pressure)
Esophagram (Bird's beak appearance of LES)
Achalasia tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔botulin injection
Most common cause of esophageal varices - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cirrhosis
Esophageal varices sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔upper GI bleed (hematochezia, melena,
hematemesis)
Esophageal varices tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endoscopic ligation (tx of choice)
Octreotide (drug for acute bleeding)
Surgery (trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt- TIPS)
,Rebleeds: nonselective BB (propanolol, nadolol)
Hiatal hernia types: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Type 1: sliding hernia (most common type)
Type 2: rolling hernia- fundus of stomach through the diaphragm
Gastritis etiologies: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔H.pyloti (MC cause)
NSAIDs/Aspirin
Stress
Gastritis dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endoscopy
Gastritis tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔H pylori +: clarithromycin, amoxicillin, PPI
-: PPI, sucrafulate
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome def. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔gastrin producing tumor in
stomach
Non-healing ulcers
PUD sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔epigastric pain (dyspepsia)- worse at night
GI bleed
Most common cause of upper GI bleed - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔PUD
PUD dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endoscopy (GS)
Upper GI series
H.Pylori Testing - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Endoscopy with bx (GS)
Stool antigen (confirm eradication)
Urea breath test (if endoscopy can't be done)
, Prevention of NSAID induced ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔misoprostol
Cytoprotective agent for PUD/gastritis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Sucralfate
Duodenal vs Gastric Ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Duodenal (more common, likely
benign, better with meals)
Gastric (more malignant, worse with meals)
Zollinger ellison syndrome dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔fasting gastrin level (best
screening test)
Gallbladder disease progression - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cholelithiasis-cholecystitis-
choledocholithiasis- cholangitis
Most common type of gallstone - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔cholesterol
Risk factor for gallstones - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔female, fat, forty, fertile, fair
Cholelithiasis dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔US
Cholecystitis pathophys: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Gallstone-> e. coli infection
Cholecystitis sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔RUQ pain (with fatty foods, large meals),
fever, Murphy's sign, Boas's sign
Cholecystitis tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔US (initial)
HIDA scan (GS- positive if you can't see gallbladder on scan)
Choledocholithiasis def. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔gallstone in common bile duct
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Barrett's Esophagus pathology - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔squamous cell into precancerous
metaplastic columnar cells
GERD dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Endoscope (usually used first)
24 hr ambulatory pH monitoring (GS) `
GERD tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1st (lifestyle)
2nd (H2 receptor antagonists)
3rd (PPI->Nissen fundoplication)
Achalasia sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔dysphagia to both solids and liquids
Achalasia dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Esophageal manometry (GS- shows increased
LES pressure)
Esophagram (Bird's beak appearance of LES)
Achalasia tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔botulin injection
Most common cause of esophageal varices - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cirrhosis
Esophageal varices sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔upper GI bleed (hematochezia, melena,
hematemesis)
Esophageal varices tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endoscopic ligation (tx of choice)
Octreotide (drug for acute bleeding)
Surgery (trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt- TIPS)
,Rebleeds: nonselective BB (propanolol, nadolol)
Hiatal hernia types: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Type 1: sliding hernia (most common type)
Type 2: rolling hernia- fundus of stomach through the diaphragm
Gastritis etiologies: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔H.pyloti (MC cause)
NSAIDs/Aspirin
Stress
Gastritis dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endoscopy
Gastritis tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔H pylori +: clarithromycin, amoxicillin, PPI
-: PPI, sucrafulate
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome def. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔gastrin producing tumor in
stomach
Non-healing ulcers
PUD sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔epigastric pain (dyspepsia)- worse at night
GI bleed
Most common cause of upper GI bleed - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔PUD
PUD dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endoscopy (GS)
Upper GI series
H.Pylori Testing - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Endoscopy with bx (GS)
Stool antigen (confirm eradication)
Urea breath test (if endoscopy can't be done)
, Prevention of NSAID induced ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔misoprostol
Cytoprotective agent for PUD/gastritis - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Sucralfate
Duodenal vs Gastric Ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Duodenal (more common, likely
benign, better with meals)
Gastric (more malignant, worse with meals)
Zollinger ellison syndrome dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔fasting gastrin level (best
screening test)
Gallbladder disease progression - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cholelithiasis-cholecystitis-
choledocholithiasis- cholangitis
Most common type of gallstone - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔cholesterol
Risk factor for gallstones - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔female, fat, forty, fertile, fair
Cholelithiasis dx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔US
Cholecystitis pathophys: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Gallstone-> e. coli infection
Cholecystitis sxs: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔RUQ pain (with fatty foods, large meals),
fever, Murphy's sign, Boas's sign
Cholecystitis tx: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔US (initial)
HIDA scan (GS- positive if you can't see gallbladder on scan)
Choledocholithiasis def. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔gallstone in common bile duct
